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Lab techniques 2 > Trematodes > Flashcards

Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

What are trematodes?

A

Hermaphrodites

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2
Q

What kind of eggs do the females store?

A

Operculated eggs

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3
Q

Where do flukes like to live>

A

Water

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4
Q

When the egg hatches in the water, it releases a ciliated, motile what?

A

Miracidium

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5
Q

What does the miracidium penetrate?

A

The skin of an aquatic snail.

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6
Q

What is required for all flukes?

A

The aquatic snail

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7
Q

What does the miracidium develop into in the skin of the snail?

A

Sporocyst

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8
Q

What is a sporocyst and what develops inside it?

A

A sack in which the multiple redia develop

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9
Q

What are developing in within the single redia that emerges from the snail and into the water?

A

Cercariae

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10
Q

A cercaria can develop in 3 ways. What is the direct method?

A

Penetrates the skin of the definitive host, travels to the predilection site and becomes the adult

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11
Q

If a cercaria attaches to vegetation what happens?

A

Loses its tail
Forms a cyst to become a metacercaria
The definitive host ingests the vegetation
Cyst is digested and the fluke travels to the predilection site and becomes an adult

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12
Q

What happens to the cercaria if it does not attach to the vegetation?

A

Loses its tail
Penetrates the skin of the intermediate host
Encyst in the muscle
Becomes a metacercaria which is ingested when the definitive host ingests the muscle of the 2nd intermediate host
Cyst is digested
Fluke travels to the predilection site
Becomes an adult

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13
Q

What is the common name of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica?

A

Common liver fluke
Sheep liver fluke
Giant liver fluke

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14
Q

What is the host of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica?

A

Ruminants

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15
Q

What is the predilection site of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica?

A

Biliary ducts in the liver and gallbladder

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16
Q

What is the life cycle of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica?

A

Ingestion of contaminated vegetation

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17
Q

What are the clinical signs of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica

A 
Hepatitis
Cholangitis
Chronic fasciolosis
Anemia
Bottle jaw
Wasting
18
Q

How do you diagnose Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica?

A

Fecal sedimentation

19
Q

What is the prepatency period of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica?

A

9-12 weeks

20
Q

Is Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica zoonotic?

A

Yes. It causes similar symptoms in humans when they ingest contaminated water cress or plants

21
Q

Why is Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica so important?

A

Because it is the most economically important fluke

22
Q

What is the common name of Platynosomum fastosum?

A

Lizard poisoning fluke

23
Q

What is the definitive host of Platynosomum fastosum?

A

Cats

24
Q

What is the route of transmission of Platynosomum fastosum?

A

Ingestion of 2nd intermediate host (lizards)

25
Q

What is the common name of the Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Salmon poisoning fluke

26
Q

What are the hosts of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

DOGS
Cats
other fish eating mammals

27
Q

What is the route of transmission of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Ingestion of 2nd intermediate host (salmon)

28
Q

What bacterial organism does Nanophyetus salmincola carry?

A

Neorickettsia helminthoeca.

Causes salmon poisoning and is 90% fatal in dogs

29
Q

Does Nanophyetus salmincola cause clinical signs

A

No. It is harmless unless it carries bacterial organisms

30
Q

What is the common name of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Lung fluke of cats and dogs

31
Q

What are the hosts of Paragonimus kellicotti

A

Dogs and cats

32
Q

What is the predilection site of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Lung parenchyma

33
Q

What is the life cycle of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Ingestion of 2nd intermediate host (crayfish)

34
Q

What are the clinical signs of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Coughing
Dyspnea
Pneumothorax if cysts rupture

35
Q

How do you diagnose Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Fecal float
Sedimentation
Tracheal wash

36
Q

Is Paragonimus kellicotti zoonotic?

A

Only if contaminated crayfish are ingested

37
Q

What is the common name of Alaria spp

A

Intestinal fluke of the dog and cat

38
Q

What are the hosts of Alaria spp?

A

Dog
Cat
Wild carnivores

39
Q

What is the predilection site of Alaria spp

A

Small intestine

40
Q

What is the life cycle of Alaria spp?

A

Ingestion of 2nd intermediate host (frog, snake, mouse)

41
Q

Is Alaria spp zoonosis?

A

Yes. It is rare but happens when people consume contaminated frog legs. Causes flu-like symptoms

Lab techniques 2 (38 decks)

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