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Lab techniques 2 > Immune System Disorders > Flashcards

Immune System Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is immunodeficiency?

A

Too few phacocytes or too few antibodies

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2
Q

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

A

Allergies and anaphylactic shock

Immediate hypersensitivity occurs when mast cells release chemical mediators

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3
Q

Atopy

A

Allergies

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4
Q

Anaphylactic Shock

A

Severe reaction to antigens in circulation

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5
Q

What do mast cell mediators cause

A

Smooth muscle contractions
Increased permeability to vessels in minutes
Inflammatory response

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6
Q

What are the clinical syndromes that are common with type 1 hypersensitivity?

A 
Allergies
Rhinitis
Sinusitis
Food allergies
Bronchial asthma
Anaphylaxis
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7
Q

What can cause Anaphylaxis?

A

Drugs
bee stings
food

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8
Q

What kind of antibodies does type 2 hypersensitivity deal with?

A

IgG and IgM

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9
Q

Type 2 Hypersensitivity

A

Antibodies are directed against animals own cells

Antibody-mediated diseases

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10
Q

What diseases are common with Type 2 Hypersensitivity?

A

Neonatal isoerythrolysis
Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia
Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
Transfusion reactions

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11
Q

So what do all the diseases of Type 2 hypersensitivity have in common?

A

Destruction of red blood cells or platelets

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12
Q

When does Type 3 hypersensitivity occur?

A

When antibodies and antigens form complexes deposited in various blood vessels

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13
Q

What does Type 3 hypersensitivity cause?

A

Glomerulonephritis

Systemic lupus erythematosus

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14
Q

How does type 3 hypersensitivity cause glomerulonephritis?

A

By antibody-antigen deposits in the kidney

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15
Q

What is lupus erythematosus?

A

Large amount of autoantibodies to a diverse population of cells and tissues and the cause is not clear

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16
Q

What is Type 4 Hypersensitivity

A

T-cell mediated disease caused by reaction of T lymphocytes against self antigens in tissues

17
Q

What reactions can occur with type 4 hypersensitivity?

A 
Dogs can have a reaction to plastic in feeding dishes or collars
Humans- poison ivy
Type 1 diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Tuberculosis
18
Q

Lymphoma

A

A type of tumor characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes
Immune disorder

19
Q

What does the immune system usually do with cancer cells?

A

Recognizes and destroy before they become established

Lab techniques 2 (38 decks)

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