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Lab techniques 2 > Protozoans > Flashcards

Protozoans Flashcards

1
Q

What is the common name of Giardia?

A

Giardia

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2
Q

What is the predilection site of Giardia?

A

Small intestines

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3
Q

What are the clinical signs of Giardia infection?

A

Asymptomatic (esp. horses)
Diarrhea
Weight loss

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4
Q

What is the route of transmission for Giardia?

A

Fecal oral

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5
Q

What is the life-cycle of Giardia?

A

Direct

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6
Q

How do you diagnose Giardia?

A

Direct smear
Centrifugal fecal float
ELISA antigen test

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7
Q

What is the prepatency period of Giardia?

A

5-7 days

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8
Q

What do you use to treat Giardia?

A

Fenbendazole

Metronidazole

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9
Q

Is Giardia zoonotic?

A

Yes. It causes diarrhea and weight loss

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10
Q

What is the definitive host of Giardia?

A

Dogs
Cats
Humans

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11
Q

What are the definitive host of Tritrichomonas foetus, Tritrichomonas blagburni?

A

Cattle

Felines

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12
Q

What is the common name of Tritrichomonas foetus and T. blagburni?

A

Tritrichomonas

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13
Q

What is the predilection site of Tritrichomonas foetus and T. blagburni?

A

Large intesting

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14
Q

What is the route of transmission of Tritrichomonas foetus and T. blagburni?

A

Fecal oral

Ingestion of infected slugs

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15
Q

Which Tritrichomonas species is newer?

A

Tritrichomonas blagburni

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16
Q

Tritrichomonas is often misdiagnosed as Giardia. How do you differentiate the two?

A

Tritrichomonas has more of a jerky movement as opposed to Giardia’s falling leaf pattern

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17
Q

What are the definitive host of Babesia spp?

A 
Dogs
Horses
Ruminants
Humans
Rarely cats
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18
Q

Does Babesia have a common name?

A

No

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19
Q

What is the predilection site of Babesia spp?

A

Red blood cells

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20
Q

What are the clinical signs of Babesia?

A 
Dark urine
Fever
Weak
Pale MM
Swollen lymph nodes
Splenomegaly
Moderate to severe hemolytic anemia
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21
Q

What is the route of transmission of Babesia spp?

A

Tick bite
Transplacental in cats
Tainted blood transfusion

22
Q

How do you diagnose Babesia spp?

A

Blood smear
PCR
IFA

23
Q

Is Babesia spp zoonotic?

A

Yes.

Humans are dead-end host and are usually asymptomatic with the exception of immunocompromised

24
Q

What are the species of Babesia that is found worldwide?

A

B. canis vogeli

B. gibsoni

25
Q

What are the species of Babesia to infect humans?

A

B. microti
B. divergens
B. duncani

26
Q

What species of ticks spread Babesia?

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Dermacentor reticulatus
Haemaphysalis leachi

27
Q

What is the definitive host of Trypanosoma?

A 
Cattle
Horses
Ruminants 
Rodents
Humans
28
Q

What is the common name of Trypanosoma spp?

A

Old World Trypanosomes

Nagana

29
Q

What is the predilection site of Trypanosoma spp?

A

Blood

Urethra/Vagina

30
Q

What is the vector for Trypanosoma spp?

A

Tsetse fly

31
Q

What is the definitive host of Cystoisospora?

A

Canine

Feline

32
Q

What is the common name Cystoisospora?

A

Coccidia

Isospora

33
Q

What is the predilection site of Cystoisospora?

A

Small and or Large intestine

34
Q

What are common clinical signs of Cystoisospora spp?

A

Diarrhea with weight loos, dehydration, rarely hemorrhage

35
Q

What are the clinical signs of animals with severe cases of Cystoisospora?

A

Anorexia
Vomiting
Depression
Death

36
Q

What is the route of transmission of Cystoisospora?

A

Fecal-Oral
Ingestion of oocysts
Ingestion of transport host

37
Q

How do you diagnose Cystoisospora spp?

A

Centrifugal flotation

38
Q

Is Canine Cystoisospora zoonotic?

39
Q

What are the definitive/Paratenic host of Cystoisospora?

A

Mice
Rats
Hamsters
Other vertebrate animals

40
Q

What are the common Cystoisospora spp in canines?

A

Cystoisospora canis
Cystoisospora ohioensis
Cystoisospora neorivolta
Cystoisospora burrows

41
Q

What is the definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii?

42
Q

What is the common name of Toxoplasma gondii?

43
Q

What is the predilection site of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Small intestine

44
Q

Most cats are asymptomatic, what are the occasional symptoms?

A

Fever
Loss of appetite
Lethargy

45
Q

What is the route of transmission of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Ingestion of infected prey or raw meat

Fecal oral

46
Q

How do you diagnose Toxoplasma gondii?

A

ELISA antibody test

47
Q

Why is diagnosis Toxoplasma gondii via fecal float so difficult?

A

Because Cats shed the oocyts once in their lifetime and it is hard to capture them on a fecal exam

48
Q

How do you treat Toxoplasmosis gondii?

A

Clindamycin

Combo with corticosteroids

49
Q

What is the prepatency period when tissue cysts from raw meat is ingested?

50
Q

What is the prepatency period when after ingestion of oocyts from the environment?

A

19-48 days

51
Q

After the eggs are shed by the cat how long does it take for them to become infective?

A

1-5 days

Survive for months to years

52
Q

Is Toxoplasma gondii zoonotic?

A

Yes, causes toxoplasmosis.
Pregnant women should not clean the litter box.
Humans are more likely to be infected from eating raw or undercooked meat.

Lab techniques 2 (38 decks)

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