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Lab techniques 2 > Select and Inoculate Culture Media > Flashcards

Select and Inoculate Culture Media Flashcards

1
Q

What helps you select the appropriate medium?

A

What was learned on the initial Gram staining

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2
Q

What else can you use to select the appropriate medium?

A

Oxygen requirements, and Nutrition

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3
Q

Oxygen requirements

A 
Obligate aerobes
Obligate anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes
Microaerophilic
Capnophilic
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4
Q

Obligate aerobes

A

Bacteria that require oxygen to survive

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5
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

Bacteria that are killed in the presence of oxygen or those with growth that is inhibited in the presence of oxygen

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6
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Organisms that can survive in the absence of oxygen, but their growth is limited

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7
Q

Microaerophilic

A

Bacteria that prefer reduced oxygen tension

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8
Q

Capnophilic

A

Bacteria that require high levels of carbon dioxide

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9
Q

Fastidious microbes

A

Picky eaters

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10
Q

Agar

A

Dried sea algae extract

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11
Q

General purpose media

A

Aka nutrient

Not common in vet med

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12
Q

Enriched media

A

Meets requirements of fastidious pathogens

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13
Q

What does enriched media meet the requirements of?

A

Fastidious pathogens

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14
Q

Selective media

A

Contains antibacterial substances

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15
Q

Differential media

A

Allows bacteria to differentiate into groups by biochemical reaction

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16
Q

Enrichment media

A

Favors the growth of a particular type/group of organisms

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17
Q

Transport media

A

Keeps microbes alive but does not encourage growth

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18
Q

What two media is Blood Agar?

A

Enriched (fastidious) and Differential (hemolysis)

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19
Q

What does Blood agar do?

A

An Enriched medium that is used to grow a wide variety of bacteria and a Differential medium based on hemolysis

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20
Q

What are the three different types of hemolysis seen with blood agar

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta

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21
Q

Alpha hemolysis

A

Partial hemolysis

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22
Q

Beta hemolysis

A

Complete hemolysis

Creates a clear zone around the colony

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23
Q

Gamma hemolysis

A

Hemolysis that produces no change in the appearance of the medium and around the colonies

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24
Q

Delta Hemolysis

A

Double zone hemolysis

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25
Q

What two media is MacConkey Agar?

A

Selective and Differential

26
Q

What kind of bacteria does selective media grow?

A

Gram negative

27
Q

Lactose fermenting

A

Bacteria changes pink

28
Q

Non-lactose fermenting

A

Bacteria does not change color

29
Q

Eosin-Methylene Blue Agar (EMB)

A

A selective and differential medium used to isolate fecal coliforms

30
Q

What does Eosin-Methylene Blue allow to grow?

A

Gram positive bacteria
Escheria coli
Klebsiella pneumonia

31
Q

What color does E.coli and K. pneumonia colonies turn in a Eosin-Methylene Blue Agar?

A

Metallic Green

32
Q

Thioglycollate broth

A

An enrichment broth used to determine oxygen requirements of microorganisms

33
Q

Mueller-Hinton Agar

A

A general purpose medium used for culture and sensitivity testing of rapid growth bacteria

34
Q

What is the Goal of inoculation?

A

Isolated colonies

35
Q

How do you start the inoculation process?

A

Flame the wire loop and allow it to cool.

Collect a small amount of bacteria from an isolated colony from 1st agar plate, broth, or swab

36
Q

What happens after you collect the bacteria for inoculation?

A

Make streak area 1 then flame the loop from near to distal

37
Q

What do you with the loop once it is flamed?

A

Drag it once through area 1 and streak area 2.

38
Q

After streaking the loop through area 2 what is the next step in inoculating?

A

Flame the loop and drag once through area 2 and make area 3

39
Q

What do you do if you are doing the quadrant method?

A

Make area 4 by flaming the loop and label

40
Q

How do you place the agar in the incubator?

A

Inverted

41
Q

How do you remove the bacteria to inoculate the slant and butt?

A

With a small amount of bacteria using a sterile bacteriologic needle

42
Q

Where do you stab the needle when inoculating a slant and butt?

A

Directly into the center of the agar tube.

  • Push the needle all the way down to the bottom
  • Withdraw the needle through the same way
43
Q

How do you streak a slant and butt?

A

Using a back n forth motion starting at the bottom of the slant

44
Q

What temperature should agar plates be incubated at?

A

37 degrees celsius

45
Q

Why should agar plates be placed upside down?

A

To lessen the contamination risk from airborne particles landing on them
Prevent water condensation

46
Q

Mesophiles

A

Grow in moderate temperature

47
Q

Psychrophiles

A

Grow at a lower temperature

48
Q

Thermophiles

A

Grow in a higher temperature

49
Q

How do bacteria reproduce?

A

Binary fission

50
Q

What are the four phases of bacterial growth?

A
  1. Initial/Lag phase
  2. Exponential
  3. The stationary phase
  4. The death/final phase
51
Q

Initial/Lag phase

A

Adjust to the environment

52
Q

Exponential

A

Increase in number of living bacterial cells, until space is used up or wastes accumulate

53
Q

The Stationary phase

A

Plateau in the number of living bacterial cells

54
Q

The Death/final phase

A

Exponential decrease of living cells

55
Q

What stage are spores produced at?

A

The death/final phase

56
Q

What are the characteristics of colonies?

A 
Size
Pigment
Density
Elevation
Form
Texture
Odor
Hemolysis
57
Q

How do aerobic bacteria produce energy

A

With the use of oxygen

58
Q

How do anaerobic bacteria produce energy?

A

Without oxygen

59
Q

How is culturing anaerobes different than aerobes?

A

Anaerobic cultures need to be collected more quickly than aerobic cultures

60
Q

What is else is different in culturing anaerobes and aerobes?

A

The growth medium

61
Q

What is the growth medium for anaerobes?

A

Thioglycollate

62
Q

What is the growth medium for aerobes?

A

Agar

Lab techniques 2 (38 decks)

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