treatment of type 1 diabetes and insulin Flashcards
what autoantibodies are found in T1DM?
GAD 65Ab
IA-2Ab
IAA
ZnT8Ab
what is needed for a diagnoses for type 1 diabetes?
Fasting glucose >7.0mmol/l
Random >11.1mmol/l
and symptoms OR repeat test
if in doubt between type 1 and type 2 diabetes what can be done?
- GAD/IA2 antibodies present in type 1 not type 2
- C peptide (C peptide is low in T1DM and high in T2DM)
what would be the diagnostic criteria for stage 1 type 1 diabetes?
- multiple autoantibodies
- no IGT or IFG
what are the characteristics of stage 1 type 1 diabetes?
- autoimmunity
- normoglycaemia
- presymptomatic
what is the diagnostic criteria for stage 2 type 1 diabetes?
- multiple autoantibodies
- dysglycaemia: IFG and/or IGT
- FPG 100-125mg/dL (5.6-6.9mmol/L)
- 2 hour PG 140-199mg/dL (7.8-11.0 mmol/L)
- HbA1C 5.7-6.4% (39-47mmol/mol) or >10% increase in HbA1C
what are the characteristics of stage 2 type 1 diabetes?
- autoimmunity
- dysglycaemia
- presymptomatic
what are the characteristics of stage 3 type 1 diabetes?
- new onset hyperglycaemia
- symptomatic
what is the diagnostic criteria for stage 3 type 1 diabetes?
- clinical symptoms
- diabetes by standard criteria
what is the diagnoses for type 1 diabetes?
fasting glucose =/>7.0mmol/l
random glucose=/> 11.1mmol/l
and symptoms OR repeat test
who more commony is affected by idiopathic type 1 diabetes?
african or asian population
do patients with idiopathic type 1 diabetes show evidence of beta cell autoimmunity?
no- it’s idiopathic
how do patients with idiopathic type 1 diabetes usually present?
-suffer from episodic DKA and exhibit varying degrees od insulin deficiency between episodes
what type of diabetes is ketosis more associated with?
type 1 diabetes
can type 1 diabetes present in adulthood?
yes- this is called LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults)
