pathology of thyroid

Question 1

how does thyroid develop in embryo?

Answer 1

• develops from evagination of the pharingeal epithelium

- descent from the foramen caecum to normal location in anterior neck below larynx along thyroglossal duct

Question 2

what are some embryological abnormalities of the thyroid?

Answer 2

• failure to descent (lingual thyroid)
• excessive descent (retrosternal location in mediastinum)
• thyroglassal duct cyst

Question 3

what is hashimotos disease?

Answer 3

• autoimmune gradual failure of thyroid function

- autoimmune destruction of thyroid tissue

Question 4

who is hashimotos more common in?

Answer 4

female

45-60 years old

Question 5

what autoantibody is present in hashimotos?

Answer 5

anti-thyroglobulin and anti peroxidase

Question 6

how may the thyroid look like in hashimotos?

Answer 6

enlarged thyroid gland

Question 7

what does hashimotos increase your risk od?

Answer 7

• other AI disease

- increased risk of developing B cell lymphoma

Question 8

what is Grave’s disease?

Answer 8

-autoimmune disorder causing thyroid to be overactive

Question 9

who is Grave’s disease more common in?

Answer 9

-females

20-40 year olds

Question 10

features of graves disease? EDIT

Answer 10

• eye change

- enlarged thyroid

Question 11

what is goitre?

Answer 11

any enlargment of the thyroid gland

Question 12

what is the most common form of thyroid cancer?

Answer 12

papillary carcinoma