Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP psychology > treatment of psych disorders > Flashcards

treatment of psych disorders Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

First belief of mental disorders

treatment

A

Humans were obsessed by spirits and demons and the there something wrong with the brain or it was disconnected from the body.

Trephining - Making holes in the human skull to allow evil spirits to escape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Second (biological) belief for disorders

A

Imbalances in the 4 humors of the body.

Blood
yellow bile
black bile
phlegm

given by hippocrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Middle age belief of disorders

A

They went back to demonology and hunted them down

‘witch hunt’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Renaissance belief

A

First time they considered interpersonal changes as causes of disorders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Enlightenment age

2 important reformers

A

Philippe Pinel
Dorotha Dix

Started being more scientific and logical.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happened in the 1950s

A

Deinstitutionalization - people with disorders shouldn’t be in asylums, instead they should be with their families and community, who should all support them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the current stage of belief of disorders

What is the name

A

Bio-psycho-social stage

Considers all factors of a mental disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the prevention efforts in the US

A

Primary - reduce any incidence of societal problems such as joblessness, homelessness, etc which could give rise to mental disorders

Secondary - Help specific ‘at-risk’ people for eg people who live in a region that has exp’d a natural disaster

Tertiary - prevent disorders from getting worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is symptom substitution

What school of thought

A

Psychoanalytical

After a psychological disorder is resolved, patients will experience another one via a diff symptom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Psychoanalytical

Overarching treatment name
Overarching Treatment objective
types of therapy under the main treatment
why those are used

A

Insight therapy - want to delve into the unconscious mind and the latent content of the mind.

Types:
Free association - speak whatever comes to mind uncensored. Used to make ego drop its guard and then therapist can see the id.

Dream analysis - Patient’s dreams and interpreted by therapists since dreams are a roadmap to the unconscious.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is resistance (psychoanalysis)

some ways resistance can manifest itself

A

Objections of the client towards the therapist’s interpretations. Usually more resistance = therapist is getting closer to the root problem.

Changing the topic
Cancelling sessions
coming late to sessions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is confrontation

What is clarification

A

Confrontation - Working through the resistance

Clarification - make sure the therapist and client are on the same page.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is transference

is it good/bad and why

A

Displacing the strong feelings of someone else onto the therapist

Usually good since it gives an insight into the unconscious feelings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is counter-transference

good/bad and why

A

Therapist project their feelings onto the clients.

Its bad since it can cloud judgement and could cause bias in interpretations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the termination phase of insight therapy

A

Sessions that help client dethatch from therapy and the therapist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the cause of disorders in psychanalytical

A

Intrapsychic conflicts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nature of client and therapist in psychoanalytical

A

Therapist understand the client better than the client themselves.

They interpret client’s thoughts and feelings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chief benefit for the client (psychanalytical)

A

Emotional insight.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Duration of psychoanalytical treatment

A

Several years, at least 10 to 15 sessions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How did cause come into existence for psychoanalytical

A

Unfulfilled desires of childhood and unresolved childhood fears.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cause that led to the problem in HUMANISTIC

therapy used

A

Questions about meaning of one’s life and existence \

Client centered therapy
Gestalt therapy
Logotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How did cause come into existence for HUMANISTIC

A

Existential therapy places importance on present. It is the current feelings of loneliness, alienation, sense of futility of one’s existence cause psychological problems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Explain the therapies in Humansitc

A

Logo - Therapist emphasizes the unique nature of patient’s life and encourage them to find meaning in their life.

Client centered - helps the client understand ‘self’ better and reduce discrepancy between real and ideal self by reflection of their feelings non-judgmentally.
Increase self -awareness and acceptance.

Gestalt therapy - Get in touch with whole self and understanding all thoughts, feelings, etc. Encourage the client to act out their fantasies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nature of the therapeutic relationship between the client and therapist (humanistic)

A

Therapy play a passive role and only provide a warm, empathetic relationship with unconditional positive regard.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How to provide unconditional positive regard

A

Active listening - Use clarification and make the client feel like they are understood. \

Paraphrasing - Keep paraphrasing what client says to make sure that they are on the same page and make them feel like they are being understood.

Mirroring - Mirror back feelings of client which allows them to understand and label their own feelings.

26
Q

Who gave the diff humanistic therapies

client centered
Gestalt
Existential/logo therapy

A

Client centered - Carl rogers

Gestalt -Laura and Fritz Perls

Existential - Victor Frankl

27
Q

Chief benefit to the client - humanistic

A

Personal growth- gaining increasing understanding of oneself and one’s aspirations, emotions and motives

28
Q

What is the cause to disorders (Behavioral)

A

Faulty learning of the behaviours

29
Q

How did the cause come into existance

A

Faulty conditioning patterns/faulty learning

30
Q

Chief methods of treatment (Behavioral)

A

Reinforcements - Positive or negative to increase the occurrence of a behavior

Token economy - give a token every time desirable behavior occurs and later exchange tokens with a reward

Systemic desensitization

Counter conditioning

Modeling - imitating an ideal behaviour of an model

31
Q

What is counter conditioning

who gave it

A

Mary Cover Jones

Unpleasant conditioned response is replaced by a pleasant one.

Pair something unpleasant with something that’s pleasant.

32
Q

What is systematic desensitization
Who gave it
what is it primarily used for

What are the 2 types, meanings and what is more effective

A

Toseph Wolpes
Treatment of phobias

goal and steps:
teach client relaxation
Draw up an anxiety hierarchy - chart with events from least anxiety provoking to most anxiety provoking. Keep working up the anxiety provoking levels and teaching the client relaxation.

2 types:
in-vivo - in reality - More effective and causes more anxiety.
Covert - imagination or stimulation

33
Q

What is flooding

A

similar to systematic desensitization except you expose the client to the most anxiety provoking situation instantly hoping to show them that their fear is irrational.

34
Q

Chief benefit to the client (behavioral)

A

Learning adaptive behaviors

35
Q

Duration of the treatment (behavioral)

A

Short duration- Few months

36
Q

Cause that led to the problem (cognitive)

A

Faulty- irrational thoughts/cognitions

37
Q

How did the cause come into existence

A

Faulty thinking and beliefs

38
Q

Chief method of treatment (cognitive)

A

Cognitive Therapy

Rational Emotive therapy

39
Q

What is the cognitive therapy (chief method of treatment for cognitive)

who gave it

what is a core schema

A

Aaron Beed
core schemas formed from negative childhood experiences- lead to negative automatic thoughts characterized by distorted cognitions/thoughts

Core schema - Fixed ideas/beliefs about a certain thing/self

40
Q

What is the goal of cognitive therapy

A

Cognitive restructuring - challenging dysfunctional negative thoughts.

41
Q

What is RET (Cognitive)

who gave it

what is ABC analysis
explain each component

A

Rational Emotive Therapy

Albert Elis

antecedent + Beliefs + consequences.
Antecedent = what happened before problem is sorted which triggers everything.

Belief = What are the beliefs and distorted thoughts after the event. Usually irrational or faulty.

Consequence = Other actions such anxiety depression, etc.

42
Q

What is non directive questioning

A

Make patients rethink/reconsider beliefs by asking questions that challenge faulty thoughts.

43
Q

What is REBT

who gave it

A

RET + Behavior

Albert ellis

Talking + HW and tasks assigned by therapist

44
Q

What is a self help group

A

Groups where there is no therapist present but individuals help each other.

45
Q

What is somatic therapy

A

Psychosurgery - remove the part of the brain where there is a problem

46
Q

What is prefrontal lobotomy

A

Remove the prefrontal love which leaves people in a vegetative state.

47
Q

Nature of the therapeutic relationship between the client and therapist - cognitive

A

Therapist is able to discern the faulty thinking and replace with healthy thinking which would be adaptive for the client.

48
Q

Chief benefit to the client - cognitive

A

Adopting healthy thinking patterns

49
Q

What are psychotropics

3 types

A

Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
Anxiolytics

50
Q 
What are antipsychotics
3 common ones
what do they do
how do they do it 
side effects
A

Clozapine, Thorazine, Haldol

Reduce symptom’s of schizophrenia

Blocks the neutral receptors for dopamine

51
Q

What are the 3 types of antidepressans

A

MAO
Tricylics
SSRIs

52
Q

What is an SSRI

What is reuptake
goal of ssri

A

Selective serotonin reuptake Inhibitors

Reduce the amount of serotonin destroyed in the brain

Reuptake - when presynaptic neuron take the neurotransmitter back or destroys it.

53
Q 
What is a Mao inhibitor
full form
What does it do
what does it block
How often is it used
A

Monoamine oxidase
Increase amount of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain

Block the monoamine oxidase which is responsible for the break own of neurotransmitters

Rarely used since its toxic and requires a lot of dietary changes.

54
Q

What are tricyclics

A

Nopramn, Amitriptyline, imipramine

Increase serotonin and norepinephrine.

55
Q

What are anxiolytics

A

Relax the body and slow down the central nervous system to reduce anxiety

56
Q

What is Electro Convulsive Therapy

when is it used
side effects
for what is it used to treat

A

Stimulate neurons in the brain to get them going by passing electric shocks.

Rarely used for severe cases
Can cause seizures and temp amnesia

Treats severe depression, suicidal tendencies.

57
Q

What is the new therapy that is similar to ECT

A

RTMS - Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Pass magnetic waves which is safer

58
Q

What is lithium carbonate

A

Treats bipolar disorder

helps balancing mood

59
Q

What is electic therapy

A

Use the best and most ideal method of therapy from any school of thought

60
Q

Who are psychiatrists

A

Medical doctors that can prescribe medicine

61
Q

Who are clinical psychologists

A

Can’t prescribe medicine but can diagnose the patient.

AP psychology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions