testing and individual differences + intelligence Flashcards
what are the 6 types of tests
aptitude achievement speed power group individual
what are the 2 types of intelligence
fluid
crystallized
what are aptitude tests
measures abilities and/or potential
what are achievement tests
measures what one has learned or accomplished
what are speed tests
large number of questions asked in a short period of time
what are power tests
used to gauge the level of difficulty of problems an individual can solve
difficulty of questions gradually increases
what are group tests
tests that are administered to a large number of people at a time
what are individual tests
tests administered to a single person. Interaction between examiner and examinee is high. Examiner will address how the student analyses questions.
what is fluid intelligence
fluid intelligence refers to:
our ability to solve abstract problems
our ability to pick up new information
our ability to learn a new skill
what is crystallised intelligence
involves using knowledge accumulated over time
which type of intelligence increases with age and which decreases with age
fluid intelligence seems to decrease as people age
while crystallised increases with age as people gain more information and become wiser
what is the uni factor theory
states all people have a common ability which is intelligence which helps us to solve problems
what is the 2 factor theory given by Charles Spearman
- S: specific abilities which help us to solve certain problems differs from person to person
- G: general abilities which help us to solve general problems
who gave the multiple intelligences theory
Howard Gardner
what is linguistic intelligence
the ability to understand and use spoken and written language
what is logical-mathematical intelligence
ability to analyse problems logically, carry out mathematical operations, and investigate issues scientifically.
what is spatial intelligence
ability or mental skill to solve spatial problems of navigation.
visualisation of objects from different angles and space, faces and recognition
ability to notice fine details
what is musical intelligence
ability to play an instrument or compose a symphony
eg someone like mozart
what is bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
Ability to control one’s body movements and to handle objects skilfully
eg athlete, dancer, hunter
what is intrapersonal intelligence
ability to understand oneself (yourself) very well
what is interpersonal intelligence
ability to get along with others and understand others
what is naturalist intelligence
ability to recognise and organise things in their natural environment
eg a biologist has high naturalistic intelligence
what is the triarchic theory by robert sternberg
-componential or analytic intelligence
reflective skills and reflecting intelligence (compare, contrast and analyzation skills)
-experiential skills or creative skills
People’s ability to use their knowledge and experiences in new and innovative ways
-contextual or practical intelligence
“street smart” able to apply what they know to real-world scenarios
what is thurstone’s theory
1) verbal comprehension grasping meanings of words, concepts and ideas 2) numerical abilities speed and accuracy in numerical and computational 3) spatial relations visualising patterns and forms 4) perceptual speed speed in perceiving detail 5) fluency 6) memory accuracy in recalling info 7) inductive reasoning deriving general rules from presented facts
