motiv emo Flashcards
which part of the brain processes negative emotions like fear
amygdala
describe the process of emotion and memory (limbic system)
name all the parts and what they are responsible for
thalamus - relay centre
hypthothalamus - main role is to return the body/make sure the body to homeostasis (balanced) state.
hippocampus (memory)
amygdala- emotions
what is the james-lange theory
states that environmental stimuli cause physiological/biological changes/responses. triggering the emotion being felt.
Stimuli - Physiological resp - emotion
what is the canon-bard theory
states that the physiological response to an emotion and the experience of the emotion occurs simultaneously.
what is the two factor theory by who
schachter and singer
states that we experience an emotion according to how we cognitively label a physiological/biological response.
eg crying tears we can label it as happy if we just won a match. or sad if we are at a funeral.
what are the 6 basic emotions given by who
paul ekman
anger fear disgust surprise happiness sadness
what are the cross generational/evolutionary emotions by who
charles darwin
anger
fear
what is the autonomic nervous system responsible for
what part does it primarily answer to
responsible for controlling the activities of most of the organs and glands. controls arousal. answers primarily to hypothalamus
what is sympathetic nervous system responsible for
also known as
some actions it can trigger
provides body with brief, intense, vigorous responses. Often reffered to as fight or flight system as it prepares an individual for action. increases heart rate, blood pressure in preparation for action
what is parasympathetic nervous system responsible for
provides signals to the internal organs during a calm resting state when no crisis is present. When activated, it leads to changes that allow for recovery and the conservation of energy, including an increase in digestion and the reapair of body tissues
what are the 2 types of stress
what do they mean
eustress (stress that molds good performance)
distress (stress that causes bad performance)
what system describes the general response humans and animals have to a stressful event
hans selye general adaption syndrome
name the stages of hans selye general adaptation syndrome
alarm reaction
resistance
exhaustion
what happens in alarm reaction
heart rate increases, blood is diverted away from other body functions to muscels needed to react. the organism readies itself to meet the challenge. through activation of sympathetic nervous system.
what happens in resistance stage
the body remains physiologically ready (high heart rate etc) hormones are released to maintain this stage or readiness. If this stage lasts too long resources from body can be depleted
what happens during exhaustion stage
parasympathetic nervous system returns our body back to the normal physiologcal state. More prone to disease in this state
what is perceived control and what does it do
perceived control is ones belief in that they have control over the situation they are in. Reduces stress
what is perceived lack of control and what does it do
perceived lack of control is ones disbelief in that they have control of the present situation. increases stress
how is stress measured
stress is measured by the social readjustment rating scale (SRRS) this measures stress using life-change units (LCUs). The higher the score the more stressed the person is likely to be. any major life change increases the score on the SRRS. an event considered more positive has same number or as many LCUs.
what is the drive reduction theory\
who gave it
theory that our behaviour is motivated by biological needs
darwin
what is the primary drive
biological needs that we need to survive
what is the secondary drive
biological needs that we have learned (education, job)
what is the incentive theory
incentive theory states that behaviours are not necessarily pushed by need but can be pushed by desire as well
what does lateral hypothalamus control
controls need to eat and stomach growling
what does ventromedial hypothalamus control
controls the body’s need to stop eating and signals the body that you are full
what is the set point theory/lipostatic theory
describes how the hypothalamus might decide what impulse to send. theory states that the body might want to maintain a certain optimum body weight. for example if you were underweight the metabolism might slow down
what is the garcia effect
garcia effect states that pervious effects of eating a food can change how you veiw it. for example if I ate a hot dog and threw up I would not want to eat it again
what is bulimia
when people eat large amounts of food in a short time (binging) and then get rid of it by vomiting or excessive excercise or the use of laxatives (purging)
what is anorexia
anorexics starve themselves to unhealthy levels and refuse to eat due to their obsession with their weight
what is approach-approach conflict
when there are 2 desirable outcomes
what is approach-avoidance conflict
A single goal has desirable and undesirable outcomes
What is the arousal theory
What is arousal
Diagram and “law” that supports it
States that there has to be a certain level of arousal to perform a task well
Arousal is a physiological state and excitement
Yorkes-Dodson law
What is the Yorkes Dodson law
Exception for old and easy tasks
Need a medium amount of arousal to perform well
Even high level of arousal would allow you to perform an old and easy task well
What is the opponent-process theory
How does it work
What is opponent
What is withdrawal
how long does it last usually
Explains addictive behavior.
Humans are at a baseline state (normal state). Doing certain activities takes you away from that baseline state.
eg: getting drunk/high
Opponent refers to the desire to return back to the baseline state
Withdrawal occurs when baseline shifts and you try to return baseline to normal
Lasts 2-3 weeks normally
EG:
smoke 2 cigs a day and that gives you a high - moves you away from baselines. Eventually ur baseline will shift to the high of the 2 cigs a day. Now you have to smoke 4 cigs a day for the same high. Withdrawal would be trying to move ur baseline back to normal and not smoking at all.
What is the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Self actualization Esteem needs Social needs Security needs Physiological needs (biological)
All humans are motivated to fulfil the needs bottom up
What is the glucostatic hypothesis
When the hypothalamus increases insulin levels to decrease glucose levels.
Decrease in glucose levels makes you want to eat to increase.
Sexual response cycle
4 stages
By who
What is the refractory peiod
William masters and Virginia Johnson
Initial excitement - Genital areas become engorged with blood
Plateau phase - Respiration and heart rate continue at an elevated level, genitals secrete fluids in preparation for sex
Orgasm - Rhythmic genital contractions that may help conception, respiration,
and heart rate increase further and lead to a pleasurable euphoria
Resolution phase - Respiration and heart rate return to normal resting states, men experience a refractory period
Refractory period - a time period that must elapse before another orgasm.
What is the management theory
by who
Kurt Lewin
Theory X - employees are externally motivated
Theory Y - employees are internally motivated and the policies should encourage the internal motivation.
What is achievement motivation
Achievement motivation theory describes a person’s desire to master tasks and problem solve
