traumatic SCI Flashcards
what is traumatic SCI
A trauma that causes damage to any part of the spinal cord, leading to nerve cell death and surrounding secondary cell death.
as per asian scale, what is a complete lesion
means absence of motor and sensory input at the lowest segment (S4-S5, bowel or bladder dysfunctions).
what is an incomplete SCI
Incomplete is any motor/sensory impairment that does not have absence of motor and sensory at S4-S5.
when do u get spinal shock
0-1 day
what is spinal shock
A sudden loss of sensation accompanied by motor paralysis and loss of reflexes at/below the lesion (Inflammatory reaction).
what is long term effect of SCI
paralysis and loss of sensation below the level of the lesion
what happens after spinal shosk
there is a slow return of reflexes, followed by hyperreflexia and spasticity.
is SCI associated with hyperrefflxia or hypo
hyper
are traumatic SCI more in males or females
males
what is mean age of SCI
52
what is mean age for SCI from falls
61 (but 64 in notes)
what is mean age for motor vehicle SCI injuries
43
what is the trend about age and SCI
- Median age getting older (increased elderly people)
is incomplete or complete more frequent and why
incomplete, most likely due to better acute care
is there any gender difference emerging in sci
yes
gender diffidence is getting smaller
what are the most common causes of SCI
- Fall (51%), transport (26%), sports (15%) assault (4%) are the most common causesw
what is most common cause of SCI traumatic
falls
what are the most common symptoms of SCI
Loss of motor and/or sensory function, Loss of bladder/bowel function, Loss of sexual function, Spasticity (subacute phase) or flaccidity (depending on upper motor or lower motor injury),
neuropathic pain
spasticity is associated with upper or lower motor injury
upper
flaccidity is associated with upper or lower motor injury
lower
explain why imaging has limitation for SCI
you might see swelling and no associated symptoms, or you might see symptoms that aren’t explained by imagery
what is key for SCI diagnosis
Neurological exam is done before arrival to rehabilitation center. Imagery tests such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI…are done,
Patient history, functional evaluation, and ongoing evaluation are key.
what are the associated conditions with SCI
TBI, Fractures, Pressure sores, depression (high suicide risk), pneumonia, UTIs, septicemia, and heart disease.
true or false, there is high suicide risk in SCI
true, whole life changes suddenly
what are the fuNctional impairments associated with SCI
paralysis in LE, trunk, hands, triceps, grabbing objects is challenging, neuropathic pain, spasticity trunk and lower limbs, some sensory loss C6-C7-C8 and full loss of sensory below T2, decreased balance when seated, impaired bowel and bladder control, Non-weight bearing L wrist.
what are the activity limitations in SCI
loss of functional ambulation, wheelchair bound, Unable to do stairs, decr. bed mobility, ability to transfer, ADLs (dressing, bathing, grooming…), must rely on self-catheterization due to urinary incontinence. Assistance required to empty bowel, loss of sexual function.
what are the participation restrictions for SCI
Home access + access to basement (stairs), Unable to return to work as a carpenter, IADLs (cooking, cleaning, driving…). Couple life with girlfriend and possibly other friends/family.
what is medical treatment for SCI
Anti-inflammatory medication, Botox, neuropathic pain meds.
In the long term, UL surgery, tendon and nerve transfers.
what is treatment for OT PT with SCI
ADL/IADL retaining. Often involves adaptation of the environment and adaptive aids/wheelchair. Exercises to maintain current muscle function and even improve UE function. Stretches to assist with pain/spasticity.
why would u need a nurse with SCI
bladder and bowerl training
Any probability of neurological recovery decreases with time true or false
true
Any probability of neurological recovery decreases with time true or false (statistically, when is recovery most possible
first 3-6 months
