brain plasticity part 1 Flashcards
what are the 2 general forms of plasticity
LT and ST
explain short term plasticity
affects pre synaptic NT release
affects pre synaptic NT release
ST or LT plasticity
ST
explain long term plasticity
molecular mechanisms that change over time (mostly on post synaptic neurons)
molecular mechanisms that change over time (mostly on post synaptic neurons)
ST or LT plasticity
LT
define neuroplstistic
ability of the NS to respond to stimuli by organizing structure, function, and connections
why is stroke interesting model for neuroplasticisty
shows how induced and USE DEPENDENT plasticity mechanisms may mediate recovered
explain the graph about changes in synapses in post natal brain
increase in synapses until it peaks around 2 years old
=synaptic pruning (to be more efficient in our connections)
eventually amount of synapses decreases because of neurodegenerative reasons
true or false: the neurodegeneration of synapses coincides with presence of symptoms
false, neurodegereation happens long before symptoms occur because brain is reorganizing synapses and connections to mediate the changes
the events of icrneases synapses occur in synchronicity with what
acquisition of sensory and motor abilities
capacity for social interaction
and complex cognitive behaviours
what does the concept of synaptogenesis mean
it means we are not creating new neurons, we are creating new synapses
(maximizing the connections between two neurons)
we are creating new synapses
(maximizing the connections between two neurons
associated with what concept
synaptogenesis
how are the different ways of brain plasticity in a young CNS
1) growth of axons and dendrites
2) pruning of branches (efficiency(
3) creating of synaopses
4) death of nueorns
5) changes in synaptic strength
what is the result of brain plasticity in a young CNS
elaboration and fine tuning of the developing CNS
explain the critical period
maturational stage which the NS is especially sensitive to certain environmental stimuli
(if you do not get the proper sensory input at the time the system is developing, you will lose the ability of that system)
give an example of critical period
in a cat, one eye was closed for 3 months after birth (monocular deprivation)
result= only open eye developed vision
(cat did not receive appropriate visual stimuli in his affected eye to develop the vision during the critical period)
explain why when covering a cats eye (monocular deprivation) from birth to 3 months means he can only see from uncovered eye
(cat did not receive appropriate visual stimuli in his affected eye to develop the vision during the critical period)
when is the critical period for language (general)
first few years of life (if do not get language stimuli, will not be able to speak)
true or false and explain: there is not critical period for the vestibular system
false
if you do not get the proper vestibular stim when it is developping
will develop permanent deficients in balance and movement in space
what are some of the reasons we can get changes in neural pathways and synapses
changes in behaviour,
environemtn
thinking
emotions
learning and memory
define learning
change in behaviour that results from acquired knowledge about the word
explain the function of neuroplasticiity in learning
activity dependent plastics plays a role in learning and ability to understand new things
help to adapt an indiviaisl brain according to the relative amount of usage and functioning
define memory
process by which knowledge is encoded, stored and later retrived
which comes first, learning or memory
learnirn g
