cerebral palsy Flashcards
CP can result from what
structural abnormalities of the brain or early prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal injury, due to vascular insufficiency, toxins or infections, or the pathophysiologic risks of prematurity.
TRUE or false, CP can result from structural abnormalities of the brain only in early prenatal or perinatal
false, also postnatal injury,
structural abnormalities of the brain or early prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal injury, due to what
vascular insufficiency, toxins or infections, or the pathophysiologic risks of prematurity.
what are the 4 types of cp
spasitc
dyskinetic
ataxia
mixed type
what is the most common Cp
spastic
what are the 3 subdivisions of spastic CP
spastic hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia
explain spastic hemiplegia cause
unilateral lesion of the brain - most commonly from an affected middle cerebral artery
unilateral lesion of the brain - most commonly from an affected middle cerebral artery
what type of CP
spastic hemiplegia
spastic hemiplegia is most commonly from what affected artery
middle cerebral
explain spastic diplegia cause
parenchymal-intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia in premature infants
parenchymal-intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia in premature infants
what type of CP
spastic diplegia
ex[lan spastic quadriplegia cause
cavities that communicate with the lateral ventricles, multiple cystic lesions in the white matter, diffuse cortical atrophy, and hydrocephalus.
cavities that communicate with the lateral ventricles, multiple cystic lesions in the white matter, diffuse cortical atrophy, and hydrocephalus.
what CP
spastic quadriplegia
dyskinetic CP is due to injury where
basal ganglia
injury to basal ganglia is what type of CP
dyskinetic
ataxic Cp is due to
injury to the cerebellum
injury to the cerebellum is what CP
ataxic CP
- Mixed type is damage to where
multiple areas causing mixed symptoms
CP has a higher prevalence in what age babies
preterm
are males or females more at risk for CP
males
what type of person are more at risk for CP
males and people with lower socioeconomic state have an increased risk
true or false: females and people with lower socioeconomic state have an increased risk
false, males
what are the risk factors for CP
maternal & prenatal (previous pregnancy loss, thyroid or seizure disorder, history of delivering a child with a severe health condition), gestational (excess of amniotic fluid, congenital malformations in the fetus, bleeding in the third trimester, multiple gestation), perinatal (prematurity, bacterial infection of the membranes surrounding the fetus, birth asphyxia) and postnatal (infections, intracranial hemorrhage, persistent pulmonary hypertension).
what are the maternal and prenatal risk factors
(previous pregnancy loss, thyroid or seizure disorder, history of delivering a child with a severe health condition
what are the gestational risk factors for CP
(excess of amniotic fluid, congenital malformations in the fetus, bleeding in the third trimester, multiple gestation),
what are the perinatal risk factors for CP
prematurity, bacterial infection of the membranes surrounding the fetus, birth asphyxia)w
what are the postnatal factors for CP
infections, intracranial hemorrhage, persistent pulmonary hypertension).
when does diagnosis for CP usually occur
Diagnosis normally occurs at age 1 when children start to miss developmental milestones
Diagnosis of normally occurs at age BLANK when children start to miss developmental milestones
1
is CP limited to only one side of body?
CP can affect the whole body or be limited primarily to one limb or side of the body. This depends on the severity of the child’s brain injury and the level of brain involvement
what determines is CP can affect the whole body or be limited primarily to one limb or side of the body.
This depends on the severity of the child’s brain injury and the level of brain involvement
for CP, one of more of what movement and coordination problems are observed
spasticity, involuntary movements (dyskinesia), poor balance and coordination (ataxia)
spasticity associated with what C{
spastic
involuntary movements are associated with what Cp
dyskinetic
poor balance and coordination are associated with what CP
ataxia
what are the symptoms of spastic hemiplegia
- Spastic hemiplegia: impaired motor function on 1 side of body (upper and lower)
*
what are the symptoms of spastic diplegia
Spastic diplegia: decreased motor function in both legs only (rarely upper body)
*
what are the symptoms of spastic quadriplegia
Spastic quadriplegia: decreased motor function of four limbs, torso, and face.
decreased motor function of four limbs, torso, and face.
what CP
spastic quadriplegia
decreased motor function in both legs only (rarely upper body)
what cp
spastic diplegia
impaired motor function on 1 side of body (upper and lower
what CP
spatic Cp
what are the symptoms of dyskinetic CP
uncontrolled movement in limbs, impacting mobility, speech and swallowing.
uncontrolled movement in limbs, impacting mobility, speech and swallowing.
what cp
dyskinetic
balance and coordination issues
what CP
ataxic
mixed CP is a mix of how many symptoms
mix of 2 or more
children with CP may have co-occuring disorders such as
epilepsy
brain abnormalities of CP may contribute to what additional impairments
Brain abnormalities may contribute to hearing and vision problems, delays in speech development, intellectual disabilities, and urinary incontinence.
are people with cp more likely to have intellectual dissablites
yes
true or false, children with CP often have difficulty reaching dev milestones
true
what are some ADLs that are implicated for CP
ads such such as walking, eating, getting dressed, and grooming
what are some functional implications of CP
adls
play
difficulty with school
difficulty with acess
true or false, children with CP do not have learning disabilities
false, * Difficulty learning at school as children get older (may also feel left out or be made fun of)
what is the goal of medical treatment for CP
reduce pain and increase activity
what is some pharmacological treatments for CP
Intramuscular botulinum toxin injections for spacticy.
what is the surgical treatment for CP
Altering the length of spastic tendons. Rhizotomy. Embryonic stem cell and human umbilical cord blood cell injections to treat neonatal encephalopathy
what is the goal of OT/PT treatment for CP
improve motor development, prevent musculoskeletal complications, and correct abnormal patterns of movements
what are some ways OT an d PT treat Cp
Regular exercise programs, hydrotherapy, horseback riding, ankle-foot orthosis (reduce ankle excursion, increase dorsiflexion and improve the sit-to-stand transition in perambulatory children)
