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NURS 406 > Trauma and Stress Related Disorders > Flashcards

Trauma and Stress Related Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Stress/Trauma

A

May experience anxiety, insomnia, difficulty coping, grief, etc.

Some individuals have problems coping, managing stress and emotions, or resuming daily activities.

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2
Q

Acute Stress Disorder

A

Reexperiencing, avoidance, hyperarousal

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3
Q

When does acute stress disorder occur?

A

Occurs 3 days to 4 weeks after trauma

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4
Q

What is a precursor to PTSD

A

Acute Stress Disorder

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5
Q

If acute stress lasts more than 4 weeks, what disorder are we looking at?

A

PTSD

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6
Q

According to the DSM-V, the diagnostic criteria for PTSD the duration of
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder – PTSD is?

A

According to the DSM-V, the diagnostic criteria for PTSD “The duration of the disturbance is more than 1 month”

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7
Q

PTSD

A

Disturbing pattern of behavior demonstrated by someone who has experienced, witnessed, or been confronted with traumatic event

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8
Q

How can the traumatic event for someone with ptsd be described?

A

Event poses actual or threatened death or serious injury

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9
Q

What are the responses to PTSD?

A

Intense fear
Helplessness
Terror

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10
Q

Subcategories of symptoms of PTSD

A

Being on guard/hyperarousal

Reexperiencing the trauma

Avoidance

Negative congition/thoughts

Disturbance is more than 1 month

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11
Q

What does rexperiencing the trauma include?

A

Dreams
Flashbacks (acting or feeling like trauma reoccurring)
Intrusive, recurrent thoughts

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12
Q

Etiology of PTSD

A

A causative trauma

Lack of social support, previous psychiatric history/personality factors can increase risk

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13
Q

What group of people are most likely to develop PTSD?

A

Adolescents are more likely to develop PTSD than are children or adults.

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14
Q

The Adolescent is at a increased risk for the following:

A

Suicide
Substance abuse
Poor interpersonal relationships
Poor physical health
Academic problems

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15
Q

Cultural Considerations of PTSD

A

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a universal phenomenon.

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16
Q

What would lead to a lesser frequency of being diagnosed with PTSD?

A

Stronger sense of self and cultural identity = less frequently diagnosed with PTSD, better long-term outcomes

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17
Q

PTSD Treatment Options

A

Counseling and therapy (individual or group)

Medications (especially targeting specific issues)

CBT/CPT (Cognitive
Processing Therapy)

Exposure therapy

Relaxation techniques

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18
Q

What is the gold standard treatment for PTSD?

A

Cognitive Therapy

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19
Q

Dissociative Symptoms

A

The presence of two or more distinct personality states.

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20
Q

Why do Dissociative Symptoms occur?

A

Subconscious defense mechanism used to prevent recognition of a horrific or traumatic event

21
Q

When can dissociative symptoms occur?

A

Can occur during and after event

22
Q

What is an essential feature of dissociative symptoms?

A

Essential feature: disruption in usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, environmental perception

23
Q

How does the onset of dissociative symptoms occur?

A

Onset can be sudden or gradual.

24
Q

Dissociative symptoms interfere with:

A

Relationships
Ability to function (activities of daily living)
Ability to cope

25
Q

What kind of clients are seen with dissociative symptoms?

A

Clients with PTSD

26
Q

Four main types of dissociative symptoms

A
  1. Dissociative amnesia
  2. Dissociative identity disorder
  3. Depersonalization/Derealization disorder
  4. Dissociative Fugue
27
Q
  1. Dissociative amnesia
A

(condition in which a person cannot remember important information about his or her life)

28
Q
  1. Dissociative identity disorder
A

(formerly multiple personality disorder)

29
Q
  1. Depersonalization/Derealization disorder
A

(periods of feeling disconnected or detached from one’s body and thoughts or you have a sense that things around you aren’t real, or both

30
Q
  1. Dissociative Fugue
A

the person with memory loss travels or wanders.

31
Q

Dissociative Treatment Options

A

Individual therapy

Group therapy

Medications (for anxiety or depression or both)

32
Q

What is the focus of group therapy in dissociative treatment

A

Group therapy

Focus in therapy is on reassociation

33
Q

Trauma and Stressor-Related Assessment: What is NOT necessary

A

Not necessary or desirable for client to detail specific events of abuse or trauma*

34
Q

What is the general appearance/motor of someone with trauma/stress?

A

Client often appears hyperalert.

Client may have discomfort with physical closeness.

Client may appear anxious or agitated.

35
Q

What is the mood/affect of someone with Trauma/stress?

A

Can range from passive to angry, frightened, agitated, hostile

36
Q

What is the thought process/content of someone with Trauma/stress?

A

Experience nightmares, flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, hallucinations, self-destructive thoughts, fantasies

37
Q

What is the sensorium and intellectual process of someone with stress/trauma

A

Oriented to reality except during flashback

Memory gaps

Intrusive thoughts/ideas of self-harm

38
Q

What is the judgement and insight of someone with stress/trauma?

A

May report little idea of relationship between trauma and symptoms

Others may be quite knowledgeable.

Decision-making ability may be impaired.

39
Q

What is the self concept of someone with trauma/stress?

A

Low self-esteem
See self as worthless

40
Q

How are the roles and relationships of someone with stress/trauma?

A

Problems with authority
Close relationships difficult or impossible

41
Q

Physiological concerns of someone with stress/trauma?

A

Difficulty sleeping
Change in appetite
Alcohol and drug use

42
Q

Trauma and Stressor-Related Outcomes

A

Physical safety
Distinguish ideas of self-harm versus taking action
Demonstrate healthy, effective stress management
Nondestructive expression of emotions
Social support system

43
Q

Trauma and Stressor-Related Outcomes and Interventions

A

Grounding techniques
Encourage journaling of feelings
Utilize distractions and relaxation techniques
Refer to client as “survivor” rather than “victim”

44
Q

Grounding Techniques

A

Helpful with dissociation or flashback.
Remind the person that he or she is present, is an adult, and is safe.
Increase contact with reality.
Diminish the dissociative experience by focusing on current experiences.
Focus the client in the present.

45
Q

Medication prescribed for nightmares associated with PTSD?

A

Prazosin

46
Q

Side effects of Prazosin?

A

Dizziness, headache, blurred vision

47
Q

Life threatening side effects of Prozosin?

A

Syncope with sudden loss of consciousness with rapid dose increases or the introduction of antihypertensive

48
Q

FRA approved medications for PTSD?

A

Paroxetine
Sertraline

49
Q

Self Awareness Issues

A

Deal with own personal feelings about traumatic events, abuse, and natural disasters.

Convey empathy.

Remain nonjudgmental.

NURS 406 (29 decks)

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