Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders Flashcards
Obsessions in OCD
Obsessions = recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses
Compulsions in OCD
Compulsions = ritualistic or repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person carries out continuously in an attempt to neutralize anxiety
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Common Compulsions
Checking rituals
Counting rituals
Washing/scrubbing
Praying/chanting
Touching/rubbing/tapping
Ordering (arranging and rearranging)
Exhibiting rigid performance
Having aggressive urges
When is OCD diagnosed?
OCD is diagnosed once thoughts or behaviors consume the person to the point where the thoughts or actions interfere with personal, social, and/or occupational functioning.
What does the person with OCD think of their thoughts and behaviors?
The person realizes that the thoughts/behaviors are unreasonable, but he or she cannot stop/control them.
When does OCD usually start
Can start in early childhood
In females, when does OCD usually start?
in females, more commonly begins in the 20s
How are symptoms of OCD experienced over a person’s lifetime?
Periods of waxing and waning symptoms over lifetime
What is the etiology of OCD?
Learning
Hereditary
Traumatic/Stressful life event
What does it mean that OCD is learned?
Obsessive fears and compulsive behaviors can be learned from watching family members or gradually learned over time.
What does it mean that OCD is hereditary?
Complex network of several genes may contribute to the genetic risk for OCD.
In general, what is the treatment of OCD?
Combination of medications and therapy
Medications to treat OCD:
- First line SSRIs
- Second line SNRIs
- Second generation antipsychotics
What is the first line medication treatment for OCD?
SSRIs (Flovoxamine and Sertraline)
What specifically, are the first line SSRIs used for OCD?
(Flovoxamine and Sertraline)
What is the second line medication for OCD?
SNRIs (venlafaxine)
What is the treatment for treatment resistant OCD:
second generation antipsychotics
What are the second generation antipsychotics used for treatment resistant OCD?
(risperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine)
What is included in Behavioral therapy for treatment of OCD?
Exposure therapy
Response prevention
What is scale is used for assessment of OCD?
Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale
What is the general appearance and motor behavior of OCD?
tense, anxious; embarrassment
What is the mood and affect of someone with OCD?
overwhelming anxiety
What is the thought process and content of OCD?
describe obsessions as rising out of nowhere
What is the judgement and insight of someone with OCD:
(recognizes obsessions as irrational but unable to stop them)
What is the self concept of someone with OCD?
powerlessness, low self-esteem
What is the physiological and self care considerations of someone with OCD?
sleeping problems, appetite and weight changes
What is the nursing interventions of OCD?
Therapeutic communication
Relaxation techniques
Behavioral techniques
Exposure techniques
Daily routine completion
Client and family education
What is the client teaching of OCD?
Teach about OCD
Review importance of talking openly
Emphasize medication compliance
Behavioral techniques
Tolerating anxiety
What is the family teaching of OCD?
Teach to avoid giving advice
Teach to avoid trying to “fix” the problem
Patience
Monitoring anxiety levels among family members
Taking breaks
Self-Awareness Issues of OCD
Need to understand client cannot simply stop the behavior*
The client needs to work on a reduction of the compulsive behaviors
Chronic condition
Client already knows the thoughts and rituals interfere with life.
