Transport, Food Storage & Gas Exchange In Flowering Plants (Chpt. 24) Flashcards

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1
Q

Autotrophic

A

Make own food (plants)

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2
Q

Metabolic processes of plants

A

Photosynthesis
Respiration
Growth
Reproduction

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3
Q

How is water transported

A

Through roots

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4
Q

How is water transported into cytoplasm

A

• Water moves into root hair cells from the soil by osmosis
• water diffuses from cell to cell across the ground tissue until it reaches the xylem
• xylem vessels now transport water to all parts of the plant
↳ form a continuous hollow pipeline from roots to leaves

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5
Q

Adaptations of root hair cells for transport of water

A

• Thin wall
• Large surface area

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6
Q

Cohesion

A

Similar molecules sticking together

Water has a high cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

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7
Q

Adhesion

A

Different molecules sticking together

Water and xylem have lower adhesion

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8
Q

Transport of carbon dioxide

A

Diffuses through stomata and air spaces

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9
Q

Transport & uptake of minerals - examples & process

A

E.g. Calcium, magnesium, nitrates, phosphates and potassium ions

• enter root hairs by active transport
• pass into cortex
• pass into xylem which transports them to cells where they are needed

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10
Q

Who discovered the cohesion-tension model?

A

Dixon & Joly

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11
Q

Name two external stimuli to which plants respond

A

Light
Gravity
Water
Touch
Temperature

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12
Q

By what process does water enter the root hairs of plants

A

Osmosis

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13
Q

With regards to the cohesion-tension model:
Name the cells of the vascular tissue in which this movement of water takes place

A

Xylem

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14
Q

The cohesion - tension model → key points

A
  • Water enters by osmosis and moves into xylem where it causes a build up of pressure
  • Cohesion of water molecules due to hydrogen bonding produces an unbroken column of water
  • Adhesion of water molecules to walls of xylem prevents column from breaking
  • Loss of water by transpiration causes tension in water molecules which pulls the column of water upwards
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15
Q

What causes stomata to close

A

High levels of carbon dioxide

Drought

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16
Q

What causes stomata to open

A

Low levels of carbon dioxide

17
Q

Food storage; example of a modified root

A

Carrots

18
Q

Food storage; example of a modified stem

A

Potatoes

19
Q

Food storage; example of modified leaves

A

Onions

20
Q

DRAW VS of a leaf

A
21
Q

DRAW open & closed stomata

A