Respiration (chpt. 12) Flashcards
Respiration
The release of energy from food by living cells
Word equation for respiration
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
What is the function of respiration?
Provide energy
Aerobic respiration
Release of energy from food in the presence of oxygen
Anaerobic respiration
Release of energy from food when oxygen is not present
Fermentation
The anaerobic respiration of sugars
Advantages of ATP
• energy readily available
• easily broken down
• energy easily released
What stage of respiration occurs in the cytosol?
- Glycolysis
What stage of respiration occurs in the mitochondria?
- Kreb’s cycle
Describe glycolysis
The anaerobic breakdown of glucose into pyruvate
Why does lactic acid sometimes form in animal tissue?
Absence of oxygen
Explain how Acetyl CoA is produced
Pyruvate loses carbon dioxide
Identify a product produced during the Kreb’s cycle that enters the electron transport chain
NADH
Name the stage that is common to both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
How many carbon atoms are present ent the end stage of glycolysis?
3
Name the product of stage one of respiration
Pyruvate
Does the first stage of respiration produce large or small amounts of energy?
Small
State one product of the electron transport chain
Water
ATP
How many carbon atoms are present in pyruvate?
3
Describe the process of glycolysis
Glucose broken down into pyruvate
ADP + phosphate converted into ATP
Describe the series of reactions to convert NADH to ATP
High energy electrons passed from NADH to carrier molecules, as electrons passed along electron transport chain, it loses energy which is used to form ATP
What is the function of oxygen in respiration
Combines low energy electrons from electron transport chain
State the number of carbon atoms in a molecule of acetyl coA
2
