Scientific Method & Characteristics Of Life (chpt. 1 & 2)

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

Is the study of living things

Question 2

Hypothesis

Answer 2

An educated guess based on observations

Question 3

Theory

Answer 3

A hypothesis that has been supported by many experiments

Question 4

Law / principle

Answer 4

A theory that has proven to be true when fully tested over a long period of time

Question 5

Experiment

Answer 5

A test for a hypothesis

Question 6

Where can results be published

Answer 6

Scientific journals, magazines, internet

Question 7

Name principles of experimentation

Answer 7

• Use a control
• Follow lab safety rules
• Keep all variables constant, minus one

Question 8

Placebo

Answer 8

When patients in a control group are given a harmless, tasteless pill at the same time as the patients in the experimental group

Question 9

Double blind testing

Answer 9

When neither the patients or medical staff know who is getting the placebo vs the active drug

Question 10

Limitations of the scientific method

Answer 10

• Extent of our knowledge
• Interpreting results
• Basis of investigation
• Changes in the natural world
• Accidental discoveries

Question 11

Ethics

Answer 11

Wether conduct is right or wrong

Question 12

Organism

Answer 12

A living thing

Question 13

Metabolism

Answer 13

Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

Question 14

Anabolic reactions

Answer 14

Use energy to convert small molecules into larger ones e.g photosynthesis

Question 15

Catabolic reactions

Answer 15

Releasing energy to break down large molecules into small ones e.g respiration

Question 16

Characteristics of life

Answer 16

Organisation
Nutrition
Excretion
Reproduction
Response

Question 17

With regards to the characteristics of life, what is organisation

Answer 17

Living things are composed of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems

Question 18

With regards to the characteristics of life, what is nutrition

Answer 18

The way organisms obtain and use food

Question 19

With regards to the characteristics of life, what is excretion

Answer 19

The removal of waste products of metabolism from the body

Question 20

With regards to the characteristics of life, what is response

Answer 20

The way all living things react to changes in their enviroment

Question 21

With regards to the characteristics of life, what is reproduction

Answer 21

The production of new individuals

Question 22

Autotroph

Answer 22

Make their own food
E.g. plants through photosynthesis

Question 23

Heterotroph

Answer 23

Cannot make their own food and must take it in from the environment

Question 24

Herbivore

Answer 24

Eats plants only
E.g. rabbits

Question 25

Carnivore

Answer 25

Eats animals only
E.g. fox

Question 26

Omnivore

Answer 26

Eats plants and animals
E.g. humans

Question 27

Importance of sample size in scientific experimentation

Answer 27

Ensure that the effects of individual differences do not matter

Question 28

Give an example of how a biological investigation can be improved

Answer 28

• random selection
• adding control
• placebo groups
• increase randomisation

Question 29

Define the concept of life

Answer 29

Organisms that show metabolism and continuity

Question 30

Explain the term characteristics of life

Answer 30

Common features shared by living organisms

Question 31

Name the basic unit present in all living organisms

Answer 31

Cell

Question 32

What term is used to describe the variety of organisms that exist on earth

Answer 32

Diversity

Question 33

Importance of reproduction to all living organisms

Answer 33

Survival of the species

Question 34

What info should be included in the conclusion of the experiment?

Answer 34

Was hypothesis correct or not

Results