Transfer Of Learning Flashcards
What is transfer?
The influence that one skill has on the learning and performance of another
Transfer’s role in the schema theory
Transfer relationships of motor programmes to a specific sport/ skill.
Transfers past experience/ general movement from one sport to another
What is transfer’s role in cognitive learning theory?
Use what you already know and transfer past experience to help solve the problem of a new situation
What are fundamental movement skills?
After the early years of childhood we rarely learn entirely new skills. We transfer previous experience to a new situation
Examples of fundamental movements
Running throwing balancing catching
Hopping jumping
What is positive transfer?
One skill enhances the learning and performance of another skill
Smash in tennis us similar to the smash in badminton
What is negative transfer?
One skill hinders the learning and performance of another skill
Shooting in netball and shooting in basketball
What is proactive transfer?
A previously learned skill influences a skill currently being learned. The skill being learned will eventually transfer positively to another skill
Smash in tennis is similar to the spike in volleyball
What is retroactive?
A newly learned skill influences a previously learned skill
Learning how to run quicker in 100m can be used in American football
What is bi- lateral transfer?
Skills that can be transferred from one side of the body to another
Swimmers do bilateral breathing
What does a coach need to do?
Ensure that the effects of transfer must maximise and have full influence on the learning and performance of movement skills
How can a teacher or coach ensure positive transfer occurs?
Variability of practice Awareness of transferable elements Demonstrations to trigger memory Realistic training environment Reinforcement
How can transfer be practiced?
Using varied practice
Gain experience of the same skill in different situations
Improve decision making, perception, positional play
Performer will learn to adapt motor programmes in order match demands of the environment
Schema is expanded allowing for transfer of skill to a new situation to produce a modified pattern of movement
Effects of negative transfer
Informing the performer of what is required before practice begins
Matching the practice environment with the actual applied situation
Avoiding teaching conflicting skills close together
Using previously learned motor programmes to develop the current motor programme being learned
Ensuring the first sub routine is learned throughly before moving onto the next one for skills being taught by part practice
