Phases Of Movement Skill Learning That Effect Participation And Performance In Physical Activity Flashcards
What is an associative performer?
Practicing the new skill
What is an autonomous performer?
New skill is learned
What is the cognitive phase?
Mental image is being formed in this phase by a demonstration
What are the characteristics of the cognitive phase?
Needs conscious thought or concentration throughout the technique or subroutine
Performer is unable to use kinaesthetic feedback and is reliant upon external feedback
Performers movement lacks fluency or rhythm. It is often jerky and trail and error is a common feature
Name some of the problems and the solutions of the cognitive phase
Beginner has difficulty deciding what information to pay attention to
-cues highlighted are intensified in order to help concentration
Beginner has difficulty processing information
-verbal/ visual guidance needs to be clear and concise
Gross errors are often made
-positive reinforcement when early success occurs
Give an example of someone in the cognitive phase
A performer watching a demonstration of a parent correctly riding a bike
What are the characteristics of the associative phase?
Actual performance begins to match the mental image
Motor programmes begin to be formed
More detailed feed mad can be used as well as kinaesthetic feedback and the performer becomes less dependent on extrinsic feedback
Performers start to learn from mistakes and fewer mistakes are made
Performers become more fluent and efficient
Some never leave this stage
Give an example of the associative phase
An individual performers a tennis serve and hits the net. Using a combination of external and kinaesthetic feedback the performer is able to correct the serve for the next time
What are the characterises of the autonomous phase?
Accurate and consistent technique with fully formed motor programme
Fluent and rhythmic movement
Little or no conscious control needed
Allows performer to focus on strategy and tactics as a result of the spare attentional capacity
Performer is able to use and rely upon kinaesthetic feedback effectively
May return to associative phase of they do not practice consistently
Give an example of the autonomous phase
A golfer deciding on how best to play a particular hole
A high jumper consistently clearing the bar
What is a cognitive performer?
Starting to learn the new skill
