Trans - Neurological Basis of Emotion, Behavior, Cognition Flashcards
nonspecific response of the body to any demand
stress
most extreme form of stress
traumatic stress
trauma - define
life event that causes extreme stress
HPA response to stress
- hypothalamus releases Corticotropic releasing hormone
- CRH stimulates pituitary
- pituitary secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone, opiods, melatonin
- ACTH stimulates adrenal cortex
- adrenal cortex stimulates glucocorticoids that induce hypersensitive state
HPA response to stress - what does hypothalamus secrete
corticotrophic releasing hormone
HPA response to stress - what does pituitary secrete
ACTH
HPA response to stress - how is it regulated
negative feedback
function of tonic dopamine levels
maintenance, wakefulness, arousal
function of dopamine surge
extreme pleasure
stimuli of dopamine surge
novelty, element of surprise
long term storage of pleasurable experiences
cortical memory
dopamine - source
ventral tegmental area
D2, D3, D4 receptor - where located, what function
in nucleus accumbens, allows limbic system to invoke pleasure
D1, D5 receptor - where located, what function
in frontal cortex, allows for cortical memory of pleasurable states
part of the brain which perceives fear
amygdala
fear - physiological manifestations
sweating, faster heartbeat, high BP, adrenaline rush
responsible for autonomic responses to anger and predatory aggression
lateral thalamus
responsible for coping behavior and defensive aggregation
periaqueductal gray matter
the things we most remember are those which are associated with:
emotions
responsible for thinking
frontal lobe
memory - involves:
recording, storage, recall
thinking - involves
executive function, planning, organizing
process that enhances glutaminergic ability
sleep
structure involved in consolidation of memory, spatial recognition, verbal memory
hippocampus
state dependent recall - define
when a current internal state replicates the internal state produced during a previous event, details associated with that event may be spontaneously recalled or set into motion
declarative memory - define
conscious memory, involves cognition and facts, verbal/semantic description
nondeclarative memory - define
unconscious memory, involves emotion and automatic processes/skills
declarative memory - what structure involved
hippocampus
nondeclarative memory - what structure involved
amygdala
[T/F] declarative memory is suppressed in trauma
T
ability of individual organisms to understand others as beings like themselves who have intentional and mental lives of their own
social cognition
mirror neurons - explain the concept
structures in the brain that become active when a person executes an act, and later observes the same act being executed by another
mirror neurons - importance
for empathy and understanding of others
what structure secretes serotonin
median raphe
serotonin - function
involved in unusual states of pleasure
what structure secretes noradrenaline
locus ceruleus
glutamate - function
involved in learning and memory
