Trans - Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

primary functional unit of ANS

Answer 1

2 neuron chain system

Question 2

postganglionic fibers of ANS end in

Answer 2

varicosities

Question 3

preganglionic fiber - with or without myelin

Answer 3

myelinated

Question 4

postganglionic fiber - with or without myelin

Answer 4

unmyelinated

Question 5

preganglionic fiber - receptor

Answer 5

nicotinic

Question 6

postganglionic fiber - receptor

Answer 6

muscarinic

Question 7

preganglionic fiber - axon type

Answer 7

type B

Question 8

postganglionic fiber - axon type

Answer 8

type C

Question 9

ratio of preganglionic:postganglionic fibers in sympathetic NS

Answer 9

1:5

Question 10

preganglionic fibers of sympathetic NS arise from

Answer 10

roots T1-L2

Question 11

thoracolumbar division

Answer 11

sympathetic NS preganglionic

Question 12

largest cervical ganglion

Answer 12

superior cervical;

Question 13

what system has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers

Answer 13

sympathetic NS

Question 14

what system has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers

Answer 14

parasympathetic NS

Question 15

what system innervates adrenal medulla

Answer 15

sympathetic

Question 16

what cells of the adrenal medulla are stimulated by the ANS

Answer 16

chromaffin cells

Question 17

chromaffin cells secrete:

Answer 17

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 18

epinephrine acts on what receptors

Answer 18

alpha 2, beta 2

Question 19

norepinephrine acts on what receptors

Answer 19

alpha 1, beta 1, beta 3

Question 20

the locus coeruleus contains neurons that have

Answer 20

epinephrine

Question 21

epinephrine has a greater effect in stimulating alpha or beta receptors?

Answer 21

beta

Question 22

norepinephrine has a greater effect in stimulating alpha or beta receptors?

Answer 22

alpha

Question 23

known as the craniosacral division

Answer 23

parasympathetic ANS

Question 24

ratio of preganglionic:postganglionic fibers in parasympathetic NS

Answer 24

1:1

Question 25

ionotropic receptor in parasympathetic ANS

Answer 25

nicotinic

Question 26

m1 receptor - function

Answer 26

secretion of gastric acid

Question 27

m2 receptor - function

Answer 27

most abundant receptor, in smooth muscles

Question 28

m3 receptor - function

Answer 28

smooth muscles

Question 29

m4 receptor - function

Answer 29

autonomic ganglia

Question 30

m5 receptor

Answer 30

spinchter of pupil, esophagus, parotid gland

Question 31

exceptions to the rule that Ach is used only by parasympathetic effectors

Answer 31

1. anatomically sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands 2. anatomically sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate blood vessels in muscles

Question 32

systemic arterial tone - sympathetic or parasympathetic

Answer 32

sympathetic

Question 33

GIT - sympathetic or parasympathetic

Answer 33

parasympathetic

Question 34

heart - sympathetic or parasympathetic is dominant

Answer 34

parasympathetic

Question 35

why does the sympathetic system have more widespread effects?

Answer 35

1. more divergence 2. lasts longer 3. neurotransmitter used is not easily degraded

Question 36

neurotransmitter in parasympathetic system

Answer 36

Ach

Question 37

neurotransmitter in sympathetic system

Answer 37

epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 38

system that promotes survival in crisis state

Answer 38

sympathetic

Question 39

system that promotes survival in safe state

Answer 39

parasympathetic

Question 40

baroreceptors synapse with which nucleus

Answer 40

nucleus tractus solitarius

Question 41

function of parasympathetic

Answer 41

rest and digest 1. conservation and restoration of body energy 2. waste elimination 3. decrease in heart rate (which will decrease energy demand) 4. increase in GIT activity (restoration of energy)

Question 42

function of sympathetic

Answer 42

response to stress or danger (fight or flight)

Question 43

ganglionic cholinergic receptor

Answer 43

m1

Question 44

cardiac cholinergic receptor

Answer 44

m2

Question 45

bronchial, glandular, cholinergic receptor

Answer 45

m3

Question 46

only adrenergic receptor that uses IP3/DAG for 2nd messenger

Answer 46

alpha 1

Question 47

only cholinergic receptor that uses IP3/DAG for 2nd messenger

Answer 47

m1

Question 48

muscarinic receptor - ionotropic or metabotropic

Answer 48

metabotropic