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[OS 202] A > Trans - Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Trans - Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

primary functional unit of ANS

A

2 neuron chain system

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2
Q

postganglionic fibers of ANS end in

A

varicosities

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3
Q

preganglionic fiber - with or without myelin

A

myelinated

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4
Q

postganglionic fiber - with or without myelin

A

unmyelinated

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5
Q

preganglionic fiber - receptor

A

nicotinic

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6
Q

postganglionic fiber - receptor

A

muscarinic

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7
Q

preganglionic fiber - axon type

A

type B

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8
Q

postganglionic fiber - axon type

A

type C

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9
Q

ratio of preganglionic:postganglionic fibers in sympathetic NS

A

1:5

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10
Q

preganglionic fibers of sympathetic NS arise from

A

roots T1-L2

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11
Q

thoracolumbar division

A

sympathetic NS preganglionic

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12
Q

largest cervical ganglion

A

superior cervical;

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13
Q

what system has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers

A

sympathetic NS

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14
Q

what system has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers

A

parasympathetic NS

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15
Q

what system innervates adrenal medulla

A

sympathetic

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16
Q

what cells of the adrenal medulla are stimulated by the ANS

A

chromaffin cells

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17
Q

chromaffin cells secrete:

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

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18
Q

epinephrine acts on what receptors

A

alpha 2, beta 2

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19
Q

norepinephrine acts on what receptors

A

alpha 1, beta 1, beta 3

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20
Q

the locus coeruleus contains neurons that have

A

epinephrine

21
Q

epinephrine has a greater effect in stimulating alpha or beta receptors?

A

beta

22
Q

norepinephrine has a greater effect in stimulating alpha or beta receptors?

A

alpha

23
Q

known as the craniosacral division

A

parasympathetic ANS

24
Q

ratio of preganglionic:postganglionic fibers in parasympathetic NS

A

1:1

25
Q

ionotropic receptor in parasympathetic ANS

A

nicotinic

26
Q

m1 receptor - function

A

secretion of gastric acid

27
Q

m2 receptor - function

A

most abundant receptor, in smooth muscles

28
Q

m3 receptor - function

A

smooth muscles

29
Q

m4 receptor - function

A

autonomic ganglia

30
Q

m5 receptor

A

spinchter of pupil, esophagus, parotid gland

31
Q

exceptions to the rule that Ach is used only by parasympathetic effectors

A
  1. anatomically sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands
  2. anatomically sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate blood vessels in muscles
32
Q

systemic arterial tone - sympathetic or parasympathetic

A

sympathetic

33
Q

GIT - sympathetic or parasympathetic

A

parasympathetic

34
Q

heart - sympathetic or parasympathetic is dominant

A

parasympathetic

35
Q

why does the sympathetic system have more widespread effects?

A
  1. more divergence
  2. lasts longer
  3. neurotransmitter used is not easily degraded
36
Q

neurotransmitter in parasympathetic system

A

Ach

37
Q

neurotransmitter in sympathetic system

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine

38
Q

system that promotes survival in crisis state

A

sympathetic

39
Q

system that promotes survival in safe state

A

parasympathetic

40
Q

baroreceptors synapse with which nucleus

A

nucleus tractus solitarius

41
Q

function of parasympathetic

A

rest and digest

  1. conservation and restoration of body energy
  2. waste elimination
  3. decrease in heart rate (which will decrease energy demand)
  4. increase in GIT activity (restoration of energy)
42
Q

function of sympathetic

A

response to stress or danger (fight or flight)

43
Q

ganglionic cholinergic receptor

A

m1

44
Q

cardiac cholinergic receptor

A

m2

45
Q

bronchial, glandular, cholinergic receptor

A

m3

46
Q

only adrenergic receptor that uses IP3/DAG for 2nd messenger

A

alpha 1

47
Q

only cholinergic receptor that uses IP3/DAG for 2nd messenger

A

m1

48
Q

muscarinic receptor - ionotropic or metabotropic

A

metabotropic

[OS 202] A (18 decks)

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