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[OS 202] A > Trans - Cerebellum > Flashcards

Trans - Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

% of neurons found in cerebellum

A

50

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2
Q

the cerebellum is __ % of the total brain space

A

10

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3
Q

embryonic precursor of cerebellum

A

metencephalon

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4
Q

gyri:cerebrum :: ____:cerebellum

A

folia

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5
Q

another name for the white matter in the cerebellum

A

arbor vitae

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6
Q

clinical significance of cerebellar tonsil

A

may compress medulla in certain pathologies

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7
Q

wormlike structure in cerebellar midline

A

vermis

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8
Q

divides the cerebellum into hemispheres

A

vermis

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9
Q

separates the cerebellar anterior lobe from the posterior lobe

A

primary fissure

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10
Q

cerebellum is located in what compartment of the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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11
Q

structure separating cerebrum from cerebellum

A

tentorium cerebelli

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12
Q

archicerebellum - components

A

flocculus and nodulus

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13
Q

archicerebellum - function

A

coordination of neck, trunk, eyes

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14
Q

spinocerebellum - components

A

anterior cerebellar hemispheres

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15
Q

spinocerebellum - function

A

limb coordination

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16
Q

neocerebellum - components

A

posterior cerebellar hemispheres

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17
Q

neocerebellum - function

A

fine movement coordination

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18
Q

cerebellum arose from which nuclei

A

vestibular nuclei

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19
Q

3 microscopic layers of cerebellum

A
  1. molecular layer
  2. Purkinjie cell layer
  3. granular layer
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20
Q

cells in molecular layer

A
  1. stellate cell

2. basket cell

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21
Q

difference of stellate and basket cells

A

stellate cells use taurine and synapse with dendrites of Purkinjie cells

basket cells use GABA and synapse with Purkinjie cell soma

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22
Q

Purkinjie cells in cerebellum - function

A

primary integrative cells of cerebellum

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23
Q

output cells of cerebellum

A

Purkinjie cells

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24
Q

granule cells receive input through what type of fiber

A

mossy fibers

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25
Q

Purkinjie cells recieve input through what type of fiber

A

climbing fibers

26
Q

in what layer are Golgi cells found

A

granular cell layer

27
Q

Golgi cells - function

A

GABA inhibitory to granular cells

28
Q

which is the thinnest layer?

A

Purkinjie cell layer

29
Q

which is the thickest layer?

A

granular cell layer

30
Q

Purkinjie cells recieve input from what region

A

from contralateral inferior olivary nucleus through climbing fibers

31
Q

granule cells - function

A

back and forth feedback with Purkinjie cells

32
Q

4 cerebellar nuclei

A
  1. dentate
  2. emboliform
  3. globose
  4. fastigial
33
Q

most prominent nuclei

A

dentate

34
Q

most primitive nuclei

A

fastigial

35
Q

nucleus interpositus - components

A

emboliform and globose nuclei

36
Q

more lateral component of nucleus interpositus

A

emboliform

37
Q

more medial component of nucleus interpositus

A

globose

38
Q

sole output track of cerebellum

A

dentate nucleus

39
Q

most medial nucleus

A

fastigial

40
Q

most lateral nucleus

A

dentate

41
Q

which fibers do not pass through the four nuclei? where do they go?

A

fibers from flocculonodular lobe pass directly to fastigial nucleus and from there are routed to vestibular nuclei

42
Q

cerebellar division connecting directly to vestibular nuclei

A

archicerebellum

43
Q

cerebellar division that does not connect directly to vestibular nuclei

A

spinocerebellum and neocerebellum

44
Q

where is the restiform body located

A

inferior cerebellar peduncle

45
Q

what is another name for the middle cerebellar peduncle

A

brachium pontis

46
Q

what is another name for the superior cerebellar peduncle

A

brachium conjunctivum

47
Q

superior cerebellar peduncle - type of signal carried, where is it from and where is it going

A

efferent fibers from cerebellum to thalamus or red nuclei

48
Q

middle cerebellar peduncle - type of signal carried, where is it from, where is it going

A

afferent fibers from cerebal cortex, basal nuclei, and pons, to cerebellum

49
Q

inferior cerebellar peduncle - type of signal carried, where is it from, where is it going

A

afferent fibers from spinal cord and brainstem to cerebellum

50
Q

a given cerebral hemisphere influences which side of the body relative to it?

A

contralateral

51
Q

a given cerebellar hemisphere influences which side of the body relative to it?

A

ipsilateral

52
Q

mossy fibers - special features

A

synapse with granule cell dendrites, providing an indirect link to Purkinjie cells

53
Q

climbing fibers - special features

A

wind around Purkinjie cell dendrite, creating many synapses for extremely powerful excitatory response

54
Q

why do cerebellar hemispheres affect the ipsilateral side of the body

A

due to double decussation

55
Q

cerebellar pathway (cortex to spinal cord via cerebellum)

A

cerebral cortex –> pons –> cerebellar white matter –> dentate nucleus –> red nuclei –> thalamus –> cerebral cortex –> spinal cord

56
Q

how many decussations occur in the cerebellar pathway? where?

A

2 decussations

  1. from the pons to the cerebellar white matter in the contralateral hemisphere
  2. from the dentate nucleus to the contralateral red nucleus
57
Q

inferior border of posterior cerebellar lobe

A

posterolateral fissure

58
Q

full name of cerebellar tract (from cortex to spinal cord via cerebellum)

A

cortico-ponto-cerebello-dentato-rubro-thalamo-cortico-spinal tract

59
Q

middle cerebral peduncle - what tracts pass through

A

cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract

60
Q

superior cerebellar peduncle - what tracts pass through

A
  1. dentato-rubro-thalamo-cortical tract

2. cerebello-thalamo-cortical tract

61
Q

function of cerebellum

A

coordination of movement

[OS 202] A (18 decks)

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