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Pharmacology II > Toxins and Antidotes > Flashcards

Toxins and Antidotes Flashcards

1
Q

What Toxic syndrome is caused by ATROPINE?

A

Anticholinergic Syndrome

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2
Q

What is the treatment of Anticholinergic Syndrome?

A

Physostigmine

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3
Q

What enzyme does Physostigmine inhibit?

A

ACTH-esterase

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4
Q

What toxic syndrome is caused by COCAINE?

A

Sympathomimetic Syndromes

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5
Q

What is the treatment for cocaine-induced ventricular fibrillation from Sympathomimetic Syndromes?

A

Lidocaine

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6
Q

What toxic syndrome is caused by HEROIN (narcotics)?

A

Opiates

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7
Q

What Toxic syndrome is caused by ALCOHOL (Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol)?

A

Non-Opiates

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8
Q

What Toxic syndrome is caused by INSECTICIDES?

A

Cholinergic Syndrome

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9
Q

What is the treatment used for Cholinergic Syndrome (Insecticides)?

A

Atropine - for both carbamate and organophosphate

Pralidoxime - for only organophosphate

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10
Q

What other insecticide does organophosphate insecticides share the same MOA?

A

carbamate insecticides

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11
Q

Who is at the highest risk for exposure to insecticides?

A

Agricultural workers

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12
Q

What specific signs does Overstimulation of muscarinic receptors gives rise to?

A

SLUDD signs of Organophosphate/Carbamate poisoning

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13
Q

What is Death in acute poisonings frequently due to?

A

respiratory failure

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14
Q

What is a wood alcohol and found in windshield washer solvent for cars and also in mixed solvents (paint removers)?

A

Methanol

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15
Q

What is the more common form of inorganic lead poisoning (plumbism), acute or chronic? Signs include peripheral neuropathy (wrist-drop is characteristic), anorexia, anemia, tremor, weight loss, and gastrointestinal symptoms?

A

Chronic

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16
Q

What metal poisoning causes “rice-water” stools with a sweet, garlicky odor that may be detected in the breath and the stools?

A

Acute arsenic poisoning

17
Q

What causes skin changes, hair loss, bone marrow depression and anemia, and chronic nausea and gastrointestinal disturbances?

A

Chronic arsenic poisoning

18
Q

What is the treatment for both acute and chronic arsenic poisoning?

A

Dimercaprol

19
Q

What is the chelating agent of choice for iron poisoning?

A

Deferoxamine

20
Q

What drug is used in acute arsenic and mercury poisoning and, in combination with EDTA, for lead poisoning?

A

Dimercaprol

21
Q

What is the primary treatment of lead poisoning?

A

EDTA

22
Q

What is used for the oral treatment of lead toxicity in children and adults?

A

Succimer

23
Q

What is used in the treatment of copper poisoning and Wilson’s disease?

A

Penicillamine

24
Q

What is used for treatment of iron overload?

A

Deferoxamine

25
Q

What is used in Mercury poisoning?

A

DMPS

Pharmacology II (23 decks)

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