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Pharmacology II > Gout > Flashcards

Gout Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent attacks of severe pain and swelling due to inflammation from monosodium urate crystals in joints?

A

Gout

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2
Q

What is the hallmark risk factor of gout?

A

Hyperuricemia

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3
Q

What does the serum rate concentrations have to be to be considered gout?

A

> 6.8 mg/dL

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4
Q

What type of gout is characterized by severe pain, erythema, and swelling, often beginning in middle of night or early morning, peaking within 24 hours?

A

Acute Gout

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5
Q

What joint is usually affected with an Acute Gouty attack?

A

1st metatarsophalangeal joint

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6
Q

What type of gout usually takes many years to progress, chronic joint pain, limited activity, structural damage, and frequent flares, leading to erosive, destructive, disabling arthritis, and Progressive renal failure due to the deposition of urate crystals in the kidney and renal calculi?

A

Chronic gout

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7
Q

What types of food increase the risk of gout?

A

red meat, seafood, and alcohol

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8
Q

What types of food decreases the risk of gout?

A

dairy products

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9
Q

What medication is associated with increased risk of recurrent gout attack?

A

Low-dose aspirin

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10
Q

What medication may negate the risk increase of aspirin?

A

allopurinol

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11
Q

What medication is associated with increased risk of incident gout?

A

loop and thiazide diuretics

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12
Q

What is the major end product of purine metabolism?

A

Uric acid

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13
Q

What forms in the joint with an acute gouty attack?

A

Sodium urate crystals

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14
Q

What 3 drugs are used to suppress the acute attack?

A

NSAIDs
Colchicine
Corticosteroids

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15
Q

What is used to Increase uric acid excretion?

A

Probenecid

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16
Q

What is used to Inhibit the formation of uric acid?

A

Allopurinol

Febuxostat

17
Q

What is used to facilitate the breakdown of uric acid?

A

Rasburicase

Pegloticase

18
Q

What can an Indomethacin toxicity cause?

A

bone marrow suppression

19
Q

What can Colchicine toxicity cause?

A

severe liver and kidney damage

20
Q

What kind of drugs inhibit secretion of other weak acids in addition to inhibiting the reabsorption if uric acid and is used to treat CHRONIC GOUT?

A

Uricosuric drugs

21
Q

What work best in patients who synthesize excess uric acid in chronic gout?

A

Allopurinol

22
Q

What is the preferred treatment with a patient with kidney stones?

A

Allopurinol

Pharmacology II (23 decks)

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