ADHD Flashcards
T/F: Genetics play a very important role in a child developing ADHD
True
What criteria is the Gold Standard for the diagnosis of ADHD?
DSM-5 criteria
What medications (that include Methylphenidate and Amphetamine) are considered first line treatment in children 6-18 yo and adults?
Stimulant medications
What are the 2 types of ADD?
Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity
How many symptoms must be present to come up as a positive diagnosis for an adult? Child?
Adult: 6 symptoms for 6 months
Child: 5 symptoms for 6 months
Which stimulant causes the release of dopamine from presynaptic nerve terminals?
Amphetamine
What is issued due to concerns that stimulant medications can raise heart rate and blood pressure possibly leading to heart attack, sudden death, and strokes?
Black Box Warning
What is the ADR of Amphetamines?
addiction, dependence, insomnia, and tremor
What are contraindications of Amphetamines?
Hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and glaucoma
What Schedule 2 drug is presently one of the most prescribed medications in children for ADHD and is a dopamine and norepinephrine transport inhibitor and may act by increasing both dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic space?
Methylphenidate
What is decreased in children with ADHD?
Dopamine signals
What are second line for the treatment of ADHD?
Non-Stimulant medications
What are the primary non-stimulant medications for ADHD?
guanfacine, clonidine, and atomoxetine
Which of the non-stimulant drugs modulate noradrenergic tone in the prefrontal cortex?
guanfacine and clonidine
What non-stimulant drug is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor?
atomoxetine
