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M4: Pharmacology-Pharmacokinetics > TOXICOLOGY > Flashcards

TOXICOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Mechanical Antidotes? (2)

A
  1. Gastric lavage
  2. Emetic
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2
Q
  • Stomach pumping
  • For patients with diminished GAG REFLEX
  • Used following massive ingestion of poison
  • Contraindications
    • Caustic poisons
    • Combative patients
A

Gastric lavage

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3
Q
  • Use of Ipecac Syrup
  • Effective only if given within 1-2 hours
  • Emesis may lead to aspiration
  • pneumonia
  • Contraindications:
  • Caustic poisons
  • Unconscious patients
A

Emetic

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4
Q

Wilson’s Disease

A

Cu

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5
Q

Mee’s Line

A

Ar

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6
Q

Minamata Disease

A

Hg

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7
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

Fe

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8
Q

Shaver’s Disease

A

Al

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9
Q

Chelator use for:

As, Hg, Pb, Sb, Au

A

BAL (Dimercaprol)

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10
Q

Chelator use for:

Pb, Mn Zn

A

CaNa2EDTA

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11
Q

Chelator use for:

Fe, Al

A

Deferoxamine

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12
Q

Chelator use for:

Cu, Pb, Hg

A

Penicillamine

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13
Q

Chelator use for:

Pb, As, Hg

A

Succimer

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14
Q

Antidote for Opioids (e.g. morphine, heroin)

A

Naloxone

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15
Q

Antidote for Methanol (also ethylene glycol)

A

Ethanol

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16
Q

Antidote for Organophosphates (e.g. Malathion and Parathion)

A

Atropine, Pralidoxime

17
Q

Antidote for Physostigmine

A

Atropine

18
Q

Antidote for Paracetamol

A

N-acetyl-cysteine

19
Q

Antidote for Theophylline

A

Seizure (Diazepam)
Cardiotoxic Arrhythmia (Esmolol)

or Esmolol

20
Q

Antidote for Tricyclic anti-depressants

A

NaHCO3

21
Q

Antidote for Warfarin

A

Vit. K1

22
Q

Antidote for Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate

23
Q

Antidote for Isoniazid

A

Pyridoxine=Vit. B6

24
Q

Antidote for Digoxin

A

Digibind
Digoxin Immune FAB

25
Q

Antidote for Benzodiazepines (e.g. Diazepam),
Z-drugs

A

Flumazenil

26
Q

Antidote for Salicylates

A

NaHCO3

27
Q

Antidote for Insulin and Beta-blockers

A

Glucagon

28
Q

Antidote for Carbon monoxide

A

Oxygen therapy

29
Q

Antidote for Cyanide

A

Hydroxycobalamin (or Vit. B12)

30
Q

Antidote for Nitrates (Nitrobenze)

A

Methylene blue

31
Q

Antidote for Iron

A

Deferoxamine

M4: Pharmacology-Pharmacokinetics (50 decks)

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