RPh, April 2024 Flashcards
2 Types of Cholinergic Agonist
- Direct Acting
- Indirect Acting
Drugs under Cholinergic Agonist (Direct Acting)
ends with -chol
Bethanecol
Carbachol
Methacoline
Cevimeline
Pilocarpine
Drugs under Cholinergic Agonist (Indirect Acting)
Short Acting - Edrophonium
Intermediate Acting -stigmines (Physostigmine, Neostigmine, Rivastigmine)
Long Acting - Orghanophosphate
2 Types of Anti-cholinergic Agonist
- Non-selective
- Slective
Drugs under Anti-cholinergic Agonist (Non-Selective)
Atropine & Homotropine
Benztropine
Ipratropium & Tiotropium
Scopolamine
Cyclopentolate
Drugs under Anti-cholinergic Agonist (Selective)
M1 - Pirenzepine
M3 -fenacin & -terodine (Darifenacin, Solifenacin, Tolterodine, Fesoterodine)
2 Types of Sympathetic Agonists
- Direct Acting
- Indirect Acting
Drugs under Sympathetic Agonist (Direct-Acting)
Alpha 1 (Phenylephrine, Midodrine)
Alpha 2 (MCGG)
Beta Agonist (SABA & LABA)
Mixed-Acting (PPA, Ephedrine)
↑ ENZYME activity
↑ drug METABOLISM
↓ PLASMA concentration
Result: ↓ (lesser) activity
Ex. St. John’s wort
Enzyme InDucers
↓ ENZYME activity
↓ drug METABOLISM
↑ PLASMA concentration
Result: ↑ activity/lead to toxicity
Ex. Grapefruit Juice
Enzyme InhIbition
Is it First or Zero order kinetics?
- Alcohol
- ASA
- Phenytoin
Zero Order Kinetics
Gold standard for measuring GFR
Inulin clearance
MORE COMMON procedure used to estimate the GFR
Creatinine clearance
Quadruple therapy for H. pylori
- PPIs
- Metronidazole
- Tetracycline
- Bismuth Subsalicylate
In Quadruple therapy for H. pylori, if Bismuth is not available, what is the other choice?
- PPIs
- Metronidazole
- Amoxicillin
- Clarithromycin
(-)NK1 R
-pitant (Aprepitant)
(-)ACh R
Scopolamine
(-)DA2 R
Metoclopramide
(-) H1 R
Doxylamine (in combination wIth Vit. B6)
- for pregnant experiencing n&v
- First line for RA
- If not tolerated
- Methotrexate
- Leflunomide
First line for OA
NSAIDs (Paracetamol)
Histamine precursor
Histidine
Serotonin precursor
Tryptophan
Aka B-hypophamine
Vasopressin
Aka a-hypophamine
Oxytocin
Which is preferred drug entry into human milk?
- High MW
- Low lipid soluble
- Short t50
- Bound
- Low pKa
Huntington’s Disease Tx:
- Haloperidol
- Tetrabenazine (only FDA approved
drug for chorea associated with Huntington’s Disease)
Tourette Syndrome Tx:
First line: Haloperidol, Pimozide, and Aripiprazole
Multiple Sclerosis
First line: Interferon B-1b or Teriflunomide
Second line: Natalizumab, Daclizumab, Mitoxantrone
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis aka: Lou Gehrig Disease
Riluzole (1st drug approved)