Diuretics

Question 1

5 Classes of Diuretics

Answer 1

1. Thiazide
2. Loop
3. K+ Sparing
4. Osmotic
5. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (CAIs)

Question 2

• most commonly use
• Distal Convoluted Tubule
  HCTZ
  Chlorthalidone
  Indapamide
  Metolazone

Answer 2

Thiazide

Question 3

• for HTN with renal failure
• Thick Ascending LOH
  Furosemide
  Torsemide
  Bumetanide
  Ethcrynic acid

Answer 3

Loop

Question 4

• Collecting Duct
  Amiloride
  Spironolactone
  Triamterene
  Eplerenone

Answer 4

K+ Sparing

Question 5

• Proximal Tubule/ Thin Ascending LOH
  Mannitol
  Isosorbide
  Urea
  Glycerol

Answer 5

Osmotic

Question 6

• Proximal Convoluted Tubule
• (-zolamide)
  Acetazolamide
  Dorzolamide
  Brinzolamide

Answer 6

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhbitors (CAIs)

Question 7

Drugs for altitude sickness and acute
mountain sickness

Answer 7

CAIs (-zolamide)

Question 8

Most frequently used diuretic

Answer 8

HCTZ

Question 9

Causes gynecomastia

Answer 9

Spironolactone

Question 10

A/E: tone deafness (ototoxicity)

Answer 10

Loop Diuretics

Question 11

Clinical applications of Furosemide
-HyperGLU

Answer 11

1. HTN + Renal failure
2. Pulmonary edema in CHF
3. Hypercalcemia***

Question 12

What substances are increased in blood
after THIAZIDE diuretic use?

Answer 12

Mnemonic: Hyper-GLUC

Question 13

Mannitol uses

Answer 13

• ICP (intracranial pressure)
  1. ↓ IOP (anti-glaucoma)
  2. ↓ ICP (cerebral edema)

Question 14

Which cause metabolic alkalosis (hypokalemia)?

Answer 14

Thiazide
Loop

Question 15

Which cause metabolic acidosis (hyperkalemia)?

Answer 15

K+ Sparing
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (CAIs)