Toxic effects of pesticides Flashcards
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the environmental presence of organochlorine insecticides
a. high water solubility
b. low volatility
c. chemical stability
d. low cost
e. slow rate of degradation
a. high water solubility
All of the following are characteristic of DDT poisoning EXCEPT:
a. paresthesia
b. hypertrophy of hepatocytes
c. increased potassium transport across the membrane
d. slow closing of sodium ion channels
e. dizziness
c. increased potassium transport across the membrane
Anticholinesterase agents
a. enhance the activity of AchE
b. increase ACh concentration in the synaptic cleft
c. only target the neuromuscular junction
d. antagonize Ach receptors
e. cause decreased autonomic nervous system stimulation
b. increase ACh concentration in the synaptic cleft
All of the following symptoms would be expected following anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning EXCEPT:
a. Bronchodilation
b. tachycardia
c. diarrhea
di. increased blood pressure
e. dyspnea
a. Bronchodilation
Which of the following insecticides blocks the electron transport chain at NADH-ubiquinone reductase?
a. nicotine
b. carbamate esters
c. nitromethylenes
d. pyrethroid esters
e. rotenoids
e. rotenoids
What is the mechanism of pyrethroid ester toxicity?
a. blockage of neurotransmitter release
b. inhibition of neurotransmitter reuptake
c. acting as a receptor agonist
d. causing hyperexcitability of the membrane by interfering with sodium transport
e. interfering with Cl- transport across the axonal membrane
d. causing hyperexcitability of the membrane by interfering with sodium transport
Which of the following herbicides is NOT correctly paired with its mechanism of action?
a. glufosinate- inhibition of glutamine synthetase
b. paraquat- interference with protein synthesis
c. glyphosate- inhibition of amino acid synthesis
d. chlorphenoxy compounds- growth stimulants
e. diquat- production of superoxide anion through redox cycling
b. paraquat- interference with protein synthesis
Captan:
a. is an herbicide that inhibits rood growth
b. is an insecticide that targets the reproductive organs
c. is a fungicide that could cause duodenal tumors
d. is an herbicide that stimulates growth
e. is a fungicide that is a known teratogen
c. is a fungicide that could cause duodenal tumors
What is the mechanism of action of nicotine?
a. Nicotine antagonizes ACh at the neuromuscular junction
b. Nicotine decreases the rate of repolarization of the axonal membrane
c. Nicotine interferes with sodium permeability
d. Nicotine acts as an Ach agonist in the synapse
e. Nicotine inhibits the release of neurotransmitter.
d. Nicotine acts as an Ach agonist in the synapse
Which of the following is the most characteristic of warfarin poisoning?
a. diarrhea
b. cyanosis
c. decreased glucose metabolism
d. hematomas
e. seizures
d. hematomas
