Torch Infections Flashcards
How is toxoplasmosis transmitted?
Transplacental transition
From raw meat and cat feces
What are the specific findings for toxoplasmosis?
Hydrocephalus ( buildup of fluid in head )
intracranial calcification (
chorioretinitis ( inflammation of the choroid of the eye )
ring enhancing lesions on head CT
How to diagnose toxoplasmosis?
Serologic testing
What is the treatment for toxoplasmosis?
Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
Which prophylaxis for toxoplasmosis is used in the third trimester?
Spiramycin
How is rubella transmitted and when ?
Via transple center in the first trimester
What are the specific findings for rubella?
Blueberry muffin rash
cataracts
mental retardation
hearing loss
patent ductus arteriosus
How is rubella diagnosed?
Serologic testing
How to prevent rubella?
Immunize before pregnancy and vaccinate the mother after delivery
How is cytomegalovirus transmitted?
Transplacental
What are the specific findings for cytomegalovirus?
Blueberry muffin rash
Periventricular calcification
How is cytomegalovirus diagnosed?
Urine culture
PCR of amniotic fluid
What is the treatment for cytomegalovirus?
Postpartum ganciclovir
How is herpes simplex virus transmitted?
Intra-partum transmission if the mother has active lesions
Clinical findings of herpes simplex virus
Skin , eye and mouth infections or life-threatening CNS systemic infections
How is herpes simplex virus diagnosed
Serological testing
What is the treatment for herpes Symplex virus
Acyclovir
How to prevent a herpe simplexvirus infection being transmitted to the baby
Perform a C-section if Lesions are present a delivery
How is HIV transmitted to the baby
In utero at the time to delivery or via breast milk
How to diagnose HIV?
ELISA or western blot
How to prevent HIV from being transmitted to the baby?
AZT or nevirapine in pregnant women
C section if viral load more than 1000
Treat infants with prophylactic AZT , avoid breastfeeding
How is syphilis transmitted to the baby
Intrapartum transmission
What are the clinical findings of syphilis
Maculopapular a skin rash lymphadenopathy Hepatomegaly snuffles osteitis
How to diagnose syphilis
Dark feel microscopic
VDRL
RPR
FTA
ABS
How to treat syphilis
Peniceillin
