Endometriosis Flashcards
Cause of endometriosis /etiology ?
- retrograde menstruation
- coelomic cancer
Risk factors of endometriosis
1) nulliparity ( women who never completed a pregnancy , never gave birth )
2) early menarche
3) later menopause
4) family history
Where is endometriosis most likely to occur in ?
1) ovaries
2) pouch of Douglas
3) Fallopian tube
4) bladder
5) cervix
Clinical features of endometriosis
—- pelvic pain —-
—-dysmenorrhea —-(menstrual cramps )
—-dyspareunia—-( genital pain before , during or after sex )
- Dysuria
- dyschazia ( difficulty pooping )
- infertility
Diagnosis for endometriosis
1) history
2) physical examination
3) transvaginal ultrasound
4) laparoscopy
What is seen in physical examination of endometriosis ?
1) fixed retroverted uterus
2) rectovaginal tenderness
3) adnexal mass
What is seen in tranvaginal ultrasound of endometriosis ?
Ovarian cyst ( chocolate cyst )
What is seen in laparoscopy of endometriosis ?
Endometrial implants and adhesion
How do you treat symptomatic mild to moderate pelvic pain in endometriosis ?
1) NSAIDs + continuous oral contraceptives
2) NSAIDs alone if pregnancy is wanted
3) synthetic androgen ( DANAZOL ) which lowers LH and FSH
How to treat symptomatic severe symptoms ?
GnRH agonist + estrogen -progesterone oral contraceptives pills
What is the first line surgery for endometriosis ?
Laparoscopic excision and ablation of endometrial implants
What is the second line surgery of endormetriosis ?
Hysterectomy with or without salpingo-phroctomy
What is a characteristic of uterine adenomyosis
Ectopic endometrial tissue within the myometrium( uterine wall )
symmetrically enlarged uterus
What is endometriosis?
Endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity
What is this taken from and what does it show ?
Taken using laparoscopy
Red- black lesions distributed all around the peritoneum
