Topic on a page - Short and long term effects of exercise Flashcards
what is the immediate effect of exercise
effects that happen during exercise
what are the immediate effects of exercise
- getting hot
- getting sweaty
- having red skin
- increased depth and rate of breathing
- increased heart rate
why is getting hot an immediate effect of exercise
heat is a by-product of energy production, the harder we train the hotter we get
why is getting sweaty an immediate effect of exercise
sweat glands produce sweat to cool you down, sweat evaporating from the surface of your skin removes some body heat
why is having red skin an immediate effect of exercise
blood vessels dilate close to the surface if the skin to help you lose heat, this makes you look red
why is increased depth and rate of breathing an immediate effect of exercise
this allows more gaseous exchange to occur more quickly
more oxygen can be delivered to the working muscles and more carbon dioxide can be removed
why is increased heart rate an immediate effect of exercise
this allows gases to be transported around the body
oxygen can be delivered to the working muscles and carbon dioxide can be removed
what is the short term effect of exercise
effects that happen 24 to 36 hours after exercise
what are the short-term effects of exerise
- tiredness and fatigue
- light headedness or nausea
- aching muscles
- cramp
- DOMS
why is tiredness and fatigue a short-term effect of exercise
when we are exercising, energy stores are being used up
this will lead to tiredness and fatigue
why is light headedness or nausea a short-term effect of exercise
when we exercise, we lose fluids which can lead to dehydration
light headedness and nausea are symptoms of being dehydrated
why is aching muscles a short-term effect of exercise
answer tbc
why is cramp a short-term effect of exercise
cramp is an involuntary muscular contraction
a cause of cramp is a depletion of energy stores or dehydration and a lack of electrolytes due to sweating
why is DOMS a short-term effect of exercise
DOMS can occur due to micro tears in the muscles from vigorous activity
what is the long term effect of exercise
the effects that happen months or years after training
what are the long-term effects of exercise
- change in body shape
- improved stamina
- increase in size of the heart (cardiac hypertrophy)
- lower resting heart rate (bradycardia)
why is change in body shape a long-term effect of exercise
a change in body shape can improve performance such as an increase in muscle mass or decrease in body fat
example of what sports change in body shape can help
an increase in muscle mass will assist in strength and power sports such as sprinting and rugby
a reduction of body fat will assist a long distance runner
why is improved stamina
improved stamina will allow performers to last longer in an activity without getting tired
example of what sport improved stamina can help
performing to a high standard for 90 minutes in football
why is increase in size of the heart (hypertrophy) a long-term effect of exercise
an increase in the size of the heart will allow more blood pumped per beat (stroke volume) when exercising
this will allow more oxygen to be delivered to the working muscles
why is lower resting heart rate (bradycardia) a long-term effect of exercise
because the heart can pump more blood per beat it will not have to work as hard at rest therefore resting heart rate will be lower
what does strength allow
us to provide a force applied by a muscle group to overcome a resistance
what does muscular endurance allow
repeated contractions and avoid fatigue
what does suppleness/ flexibility allow
a greater range of movement at a joint
what does speed allow
us to perform movements quickly
what does cardiovascular endurance allow
oxygen to be supplied to the working muscle so you can perform for a long time without getting tired
