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8- Russian History > Topic 6- Cold War > Flashcards

Topic 6- Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did the great alliance break down

A

Post war conferences
Soviet controll ee
War of words
Truman doctrine and marshall plan

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2
Q

Who to blame failure post war conferences

A

Trad view west
Yet applebawm soveits

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3
Q

Yalta

A

Feb 1945
Stalin roosevelt annd churchil agree to - un , divide ger in three, stalin decleare war jpn 3 months defeat ger in return sakhain island manchuria
Yet disagree future poland- churchill prepared to concede yet roosevelt convineced not- stalin wanted expand to river oder

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4
Q

Mar 1945

A

Us and british reps met to discuss surrener ger terrirtor n italiy
Stalin feared seperate peace deal
Roosevelt concerned breaking down relations
Yet privatley not trust stalin

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5
Q

Potsdam

A

July 1945
Relatively civil
Truman reveal to stalin that us had atomic bomb
Stalin wish to decrese reparations on ger

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6
Q

Future post war meetings

A

Broke down as molotov demanded recognition of romania and bulgaira soviet gov yet us not agree
Brewing fear of domino effect
Chnage leaders trunan more hard line
West trunks agianst stalin barbaric treatnebt of east ger when expand raping
Stalin replaced poland with pro soveit gov

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7
Q

Soviet control ee blame

A

Stalin but could argue security needed atomic bomb ect

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8
Q

Romania

A

Stalin and churchill percentages agreement
King micheal 2h ultimatum to choose pm acceptable to moscow yet ra impmose anyway

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9
Q

Soviet control ee

A

Romania
Pro comm gov bulgaria and hungary
Invade iran
Poland

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10
Q

Poland

A

Forcibly expelled 5 million ger living there
Move border to river oder not in yalta agreement

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11
Q

War of words

A

Mccauley- the soviets were their own worst enemies
Truman speech 1947
Long telegram
Iron curtain speech

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12
Q

Truman speech

A

Jan 1946
Truman declared romania and bulgaria police states and not recognised by us

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13
Q

Long telegram

A

Stalin speak at bolshoi theatre oon us agression
Kennan american diplomat moscow sent long telegram- arguably overexaggerate
Stated that stalin thought ww3 inveitable- not true
Dollar imperialism- claim us persue policy of world domination via econ means
Kennan exaccerabetd tenisons

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14
Q

Iron curtain speech

A

Mar 1946
Called for us gb alliance for prevent further soveit expansion
Churchill asked by truman to do so

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15
Q

Truuman doctrine

A

Policy of containment
1947
Not let communism spread another inch
75% in favour
Every nation faced with a choice between 2 alternative ways of life

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16
Q

Ussr in 1947

A

Soveits demand massive reparations of ger
Americans refuse so r refuse accept byrnes open door migration policu
Poland czechoslovakia hungary applied world bank for loan yet refused

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17
Q

Marshall plan

A

Usa giev aid to europe porvided produced plans for european integration
Offered to ee yet refudes

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18
Q

Cominform

A

1947
Encouraged setting. Up of fully comm gov iwth contral control, planned ecno

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19
Q

Debate on china

A

15th party congress 1927
Critic stalin over policies support nat not com in chinese civil war
Yet stalin committed to comm in one country so used as weapon against stalin as for perment rev

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20
Q

1944 china

A

Kmt nat defeated by jpn high inflation gov corruption undermining chiang leadership
Mao deveops idea repleace chiang as one party dictatiorship with coalition gov nc ccp
Chiang refuse

21
Q

1945 china

A

Yalta agreed ussr declare war jpn 3 months after surrender ger- assisting americans
Ussr not know atoomic bombs, so started invading manchurian when us droppped bomb and jpn surrender
Soveit war on japn mao support ussr assuming that would not accept kmt victory- yet did with chiang rrecognised with sino soveit treaty, joint control chinese eastern rsilwr

22
Q

1947 china

A

Marshall misson failed, leading to re eruption of civil war
Sec state us aim nat gov with ccp minority

23
Q

1948 china

A

Mao ordered offensives and advances into central china- stalin backed
Kovalev commisar for transport- repair bridges and railways- advance ccp troops and improve communications between ussr and mao
Limited us assistance meant chiang defeated
Nato pact

24
Q

1949 china

A

Peoples republic of china proclaimed
Chiang and 2 million people to taiwan nat gov and clained china ligit gob

25
Q

1950 china

A

Mao visit moscow to celebrate stalin 70th birthday- sino soviet pact negoitioan
Mao a big politcal asset to deal with imepralist counrties in the world
Pact agreed
Coop if attacked usa jpn, peace tals w japan, consult each other on matters mutually improtant
Ussr suppied with cheap tungsten and tin for 10y
Stalin provides military support p[rc inc estbalishment air defence installations in coastal areas nr taiwan

26
Q

1945 cold war

A

Yalta
Truman president
Hiroshima nagasaki
Potsdam
Tito power yugoslavia

Ra librate ee

27
Q

1946 cold war

A

Soviet spies in canada
Comm in czech
Long telegram
Iron curtain speech

28
Q

1947 cold war

A

Cominform formed
Rakosi hungary
Marshall plan
Truman odoctrine

29
Q

1948 cold war

A

Marshall aid
West mark
Tito

30
Q

Marshall aid

A

4bn 2y firt bit
Most common expalnation of propserity gap

31
Q

West mark

A

Introduced into occupation zones june 1948
Along with bizenia united british and america
Soveit repsonded iwth berlin blockade- blockimg off electricity and orad, rail base across to west berlin
Airlift from allies

32
Q

Tito

A

Ld anti nazi residstance and created loyal backing- without much support ra
National indepndence
Throughout soviet bloc purges and arrests titoists- later used interchably trotskyist
Kicked out cominform - accept marshall aid

33
Q

Consequences berlin blockade

A

Increasing supicipn of ussr by west
4 power admin ended with 2 blcos fdr west and gdr or ddr east
West alliiance nato
Airlift shows western commitemnet to ebrlin
Ussr and west both clained victory
Peaceful ending to blockade- both powers unwilling go to ear hence stalin not shhoot down planes, an act of war
Berlin kept alive

34
Q

Salami tactics in czechoslovakia

A

Comm came to power coup feb 1948
Pruge oppositionists from police to provoke resignition of opposition parties from gov
Initimidate president benes to concede to demand for comm dictted gov

35
Q

Cominform policies imposed

A

Collectivisation
Mass arrests kulaks
Heroes labour promoted versions of stakhanovites
Portraits stalin displayed everywhere
Every school child learn russian, language requirement job where higher education called for- russification

36
Q

Removal of zhukov

A

His name vanished frompress
Written out of war accounts, stalin now appeeared as sole archietct of victory

37
Q

Why leningrad opposed

A

City with strong sense of indepndence form moscow- strnegthend from solidarity in sige
Vibrant literary cultra rooted in eruooepan values of 19thc

38
Q

Pow in gulags

A

2 mill
For timber felling
Mining
Constructuon
Eg volga don canal

39
Q

Worsening situation easants

A

Taxes collective farms increased by 1/3 1946-48
Famine in countryside due to poor harvest 1946- left 1 mill people starvation and disease died
100 mill hungry

40
Q

Scientist who was celbrated

A

Lysenko
Fake
Claimed to develop new strain of wheatthat would grow in artic

41
Q

Shut down culture

A

State museum modern western art closed down
Zoshchenko and akhmatova- leningrads- published in zvezda and leningrad

42
Q

Censuring of scientists

A

Nina klieuva and roskin for giving info about heir cance rreasearch to americans during us tour 19946
Dragged before honour court- new institution to examine acts of anti patriotic anture

43
Q

Increased control on outside relations

A

Feb 1947- law passed to outlaw marriages to foriegners
Hotels restaurants and embassies watched by police for soveit girls who met foriegn men

44
Q

Stalin antisemitism

A

Dec 1952- stalin told meeting central committee- every jew is a potential spy for the us

45
Q

Tensions from lt in cold war

A

Ussr felt west didnt suffer enough- long time before opened second front
Yet did have invasion and considerable loss of life

46
Q

Korean war

A

Ra nk 1945
Us propose divide on 38th parallel but kim il sung want unite under comm
Parties created both sites and lead
Soveits withdraw 1948 but left arms delievriies- increasing wepoans by 1950 which allowed north to dominate in sourth
But west with us british push back quickly

47
Q

Soveit objectives for far east

A

Security- manchuria
Spread ideology
Econ0 tungsten armaments
Comerical interests- port arthur
Nk backup if china failed

48
Q

1951 china

A

Mao wrote comm book to be pubished in rusisa- look for support and guidence
Ccp cc - representative all comm party of asnsian countries- essential cominform for asia

49
Q

But western alliances

A

Seato and sento

8- Russian History (16 decks)

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