Topic 5 - Smith et al

Question 1

What was the aim?

Answer 1

To test the effectiveness of CET

Question 2

What does CET stand for?

Answer 2

Coach effectiveness Training§

Question 3

What did the author predict?

Answer 3

That CET would increase positive interactions between coaches and players and between teammate

Question 4

What performers would benefit the most from trained coaches?

Answer 4

Performers with low self esteem

Question 5

What was the sample?

Answer 5

34 male little league baseball coaches

Question 6

How was the sample recruited?

Answer 6

Recruited from a sample who had taken part in a preliminary study

Question 7

What was the mean age?

Answer 7

Around 36 years old

Question 8

What was mean experience?

Answer 8

Just over 8 years

Question 9

How many were randomly allocated to the experimental condition?

Answer 9

18

Question 10

How many were randomly allocated to the control condition?

Answer 10

16

Question 11

How many dropped out?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

What was the final sample number?

Answer 12

31

Question 13

How long were the sessions?

Answer 13

2 hours

Question 14

What were the coaches told to use?

Answer 14

More reinforcement, encouragement, and technical instructions

Question 15

What did the coaches have to take away with them?

Answer 15

A written brochure

Question 16

What were the do’s?

Answer 16

Encourage, instruct corrections, highlight what will happen if corrected

Question 17

What were the don’ts?

Answer 17

Punish, shouting, or disapproving look

Question 18

How were they observed?

Answer 18

Covertly

Question 19

What did they observe?

Answer 19

4 games

Question 20

Who made up the sample for observation?

Answer 20

16 undergrads who had had 4 weeks training

Question 21

What did they use for the observation?

Answer 21

12 categories were observed and coded using CBAS (Coaching and behavioural assessment system)

Question 22

What did the observers not know?

Answer 22

Which coaches had CET training

Question 23

How did they measure Player Perception and attitudes?

Answer 23

Structured interview with 325 boys (82% of the total boys) - they were asked questions about the coaches’ behaviour and their own perception of their ability

Question 24

How did they measure player self esteem?

Answer 24

After the interview, the boys completed a self esteem test

Question 25

What was found out about observed behaviour differences?

Answer 25

Coaches with CET training used reinforcement more than those who didn’t - no overall difference in behaviour

Question 26

What was found about player perception and attitudes?

Answer 26

Players believed that CET coaches used more reinforcement, encouragement, technical instructions and less punishment - also those players said they enjoyed playing for their coaches

Question 27

What was found about self esteem?

Answer 27

Greater improvement in self esteem by the boys who has CET trained coach

Question 28

What was found about Win-loss records?

Answer 28

No significant difference in wins

Question 29

What were the conclusions?

Answer 29

CET has a positive effect on the relationships between coach and players and between teammates - was also an increase in self esteem in the boys coached by CET coach