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Sport Psychology > Topic 4 - Kroll And Crenshaw > Flashcards

Topic 4 - Kroll And Crenshaw Flashcards

1
Q

What was the aim?

A

Investigated if there is a difference in the personality profiles of high-level athletes in 4 different sports

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2
Q

What was the sample?

A

387 male athletes

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3
Q

How many karateka?

A

71

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4
Q

How many gymnasts?

A

141

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5
Q

How many wrestlers?

A

94

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6
Q

How many American Football players?

A

81

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7
Q

What questionnaires did they complete?

A

Cattell’s 16 personality factors and MMPI

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8
Q

What was the MMPI for?

A

Checking for validity

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9
Q

What is univariate analysis?

A

Involves comparing each pair of sports against each other on each of the 16 personality traits

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10
Q

What is multivariate analysis?

A

Involves comparing all athletic groups on all 16 personality traits at once (to see which factors accounted for the biggest difference between groups)

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11
Q

What difference was there between football and wrestling?

A

No differences

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12
Q

What difference was there between football and gymnastics?

A

Social boldness, emotional stability, self-reliance, vigilance

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13
Q

What difference was there between football and karate?

A

Self-reliance, social boldness, vigilance, rule consciousness

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14
Q

What difference was there between wrestling and gymnastics?

A

Social boldness, reasoning, self-reliance, openness to change

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15
Q

What difference was there between wrestling and karate?

A

Self reliance, tension, privateness, rule consciousness

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16
Q

What difference was there between gymnastics and karate?

A

Tension, rule consciousness, liveliness, reasoning

17
Q

What does the lack of differences between American footballers and wrestlers mean?

A

Share similar personality profiles

18
Q

What sports were more group dependence and less self-reliant?

A

Footballers and wrestlers

19
Q

What sports were less group dependence and more self-reliant?

A

Gymnasts and wrestlers

20
Q

What was the main difference between gymnasts and wrestlers / footballers?

A

Factor H (shy vs venturesome)

21
Q

What was the most distinct group and why?

A

Gymnasts because they were the most serious and intelligent of all 4 groups

22
Q

What was the main conclusion?

A

Successful athletes in different sports do seem to have different personalities

23
Q

What was the key conclusion factor?

A

Group dependence (athletes in individual sports such as gymnastics and karate tend to be more self-reliant)

Sport Psychology (30 decks)

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