Topic 5 Dates Flashcards
Charles II died and James’ accession is broadly welcomed
Feb 1685
Monmouth’s rebellion is crushed
July 1685
Godden vs Hales case allows James to dispense individuals from the Test and Corporation Acts - allowing him to put Catholics in position in public office
June 1686
James begins to purge opponents from local govs and replace with Catholics
Aug 1686
William makes contact w James’ opponents
Feb 1687
James issues his first Declaration of Indulgence, suspending all penal laws for religious dissenters
April 1687
James issued 2nd Dec of Indulgence, confirming religious toleration
April 1688
7 Bishops who refused to the Declaration are tried, acquitted and released to public celebration
June 1688
Mary of Modena gives birth to a son
June 1688
7 leading politicians write to William requesting help
June 1688
William lands in Torbay, Devon, and moves East
Nov 1688
William enters London and calls a Convention Parliament
Dec 1688
James II escapes to France
Dec 1688
Parliament declares that James has abdicated and left the throne vacant
Jan 1689
The Crown is offered to William and Mary and the Declaration of Rights is read to them. They accept and are proclaimed King and Queen.
February 1689
When was the Bill of Rights passed?
1689
Disagreements over succession in Convention Parliament
Jan 1689
When was the Mutiny Act passed?
1689
A Mutiny Act was passed every year until….
1879
When was the Act of Settlement passed?
1701
When did Prince William (Anne’s son) die?
1700
When did King William die?
1702
When did Queen Anne rule?
1702-1714
When was the term of the AofS that stated that monarchs could not leave Britain w/o Parliament’s consent repealed?
1716
magna carta
1215
When was the Toleration Act passed?
1689
When did William urge the repealing of the Test Act
early 1689
Test Act
1673
When was John Locke’s ‘A Letter Concerning Toleration’ printed?
1689
approx 400,000 dissenters in England by…
1714
How many priests refused to swear oath of allegiance to William and Mary and were deprived of their livings?
over 400
Formation of William’s Privy Council
1689
William’s first Parliament
1690
Battle of the Boyne
1690
Battle of Aughrim
1691
Glencoe Massacre
1692
England suffers series of defeats to French in Nine Years War
early 1690s
The Whig Junto
1692-7
William vetoes a bill making judges dependent on good behaviour rather than royal favour
1692
William vetoes the Triennial Bill
1693
William vetoes bill to exclude placemen (person appointed to position in gov for personal profit and as reward for political support) from Commons
1694
Whig Junto attempt to pass Triennial Bill, vetoed by William
1693
Triennial Bill passed with Royal Assent
Jan 1694
Triennial Act seen twice before in…
1661, 1664
Triennial Act repealed and replaced with Septennial Act (every 7 yrs)
1716
What period is characterised as the ‘Rage of the Party’?
1694-1716
When did the Licensing Act lapse (led to greater freedom of the press)
1695
statistic for number of elections as a result of Triennial Act
6 elections 1689-1701
After 1695, what % of MPs regularly engaged in cross-party voting?
only 14%
After what year was voting in the Commons done largely on party lines?
1695
Which party did the elections of 1695 favour, and what was the effect
Whigs - cemented dominance in Parl and Privy Council
plot by Stuart sympathisers to assassinate William discovered
Feb 1696
loyal Association to William
1696 (after Jacobite assassination plot)
when did the loyal Association become law?
1696
How many Tories refused to sign the Association before it became law?
89
How many JPs were removed from office as a result of being unable to support the Association?
86 (1696)
When did the Country faction manage to pass a law that limited W’s army to 10,000 through gov grants?
1697
when was no. of men in army (funded by gov) lowered to 7,000?
1698
The Civil List Act
1697
The Act of Resumption
1699
How much allowance was William granted under the Civil List Act?
1697- granted £700,000 p/a
When did the Whig Junto collapse?
1698
In what years election did Tories make significant gains?
1701
When was the Nine Years War?
1688-97
evidence for Parl not supporting W’s 9 Yrs War?
after 1691 voted for only funding 10,000 troops
When and how did W make up numbers of troops to fight war?
1695- recruited 68,000 men, cost £2.8 mill
What was gov debt at end of 9 Yrs War?
£17 mill
Treaty of Ryswick
Sep 1697
average annual expenditure?
£5.4 mill
average annual tax revenue?
£3.6 mill
When did Parl grant W Land Tax?
1692
what fraction of annual revenue did land tax make up? example?
1/3
e.g. £1 million in 1692
what was the national debt by 1698? how much of annual revenue did repayment take up?
£16.7 mill
repayment took up 30% of Crown’s annual revenue
Public Accounts Act
1690
Public Accounts Act renewed every year between
1791-7
commissions set up under Public Accounts Act became less successful
late 1790s
Tontine loan
1793
Tonnage Act (creation of the Bank of England)
1794
Recoinage Act
1695
How much did WIII raise in 1698 and how?
£2mill at 8% interest by promising investors a stake in the East India Company
how much of the money borrowed in the 1690s was from long-term loans?
less than half
When was the national debt created?
1692