T3: Population Growth Flashcards
what was the population of Britain in 1520?
2.5 million
what was the population of Britain in 1680?
5 million
how did the population of Britain change 1520-1680?
doubled (2.5 mill to 5 mill)
what were the three main reasons for population growth in the 17th century?
- migration
- containing diseases
- fertility
what kind of people migrated to Britain?
economic and religious migrants
example of religious migrants
- French Huguenots immigrated to Britain in 1680s after Louis XIV revoked Edict of Nantes
- migrants from all over Northern Europe arrives after 1651 when religious toleration established in Britain
when did French Huguenots immigrate to Britain?
1680s
when did the commonwealth establish religious toleration?
1651
what skill did migrants from the Low Countries have?
skilled weavers
when did migrants from the Low Countries arrive?
1580s
where did migrants from the Low Countries settle?
East Anglia and Kent
how did migration within Britain cause population growth?
domestic economic migrants moved to towns to find work- more job security = more children being born
example of a place that domestic economic migrants moved and why?
Maidstone, Kent for cloth trade
what is a reason that migration did not increase the population?
about 200,000 English moved to American colonies (Puritans and indentures servants) - caused some population decline
how did migration affect urbanisation?
urbanisation increased, although not loads: in 1700, only 5% of the pop. outside London lived in towns of over 5000 people
Norwich stat?
by 1600, migrants made up 35% of population of Norwich, East Anglia
how did Dutch immigrants help to further increase the population once they had arrived?
Many skilled Dutch weavers took on English apprentices, increasing the prosperity and income of the English too → better job security led to more children being born
how often were there outbreaks of diseases?
about once every generation since the Black Death
what did regular outbreaks of disease mean?
people had a better understanding of how to limit the spread of disease
3 examples of how the spread of disease was limited?
- Forced quarantining in homes or ‘pest houses’ that were guarded
- London’s theatres shut for months at a time
- Doctors wore face masks to protect themselves against ‘miasma’ (bad air)
what was the impact of containing diseases?
plague had less of of an impact on the population
example of containing diseases and impact?
1665 Eyam, Derbyshire- village isolated on outbreak of plague. Many died but all children that had died were replaced within 10yrs
how did the population change over the 17th century?
contracted and expanded
when did fertility rates reach a low?
around 1650
