Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biol 2390 > Topic 28 > Flashcards

Topic 28 Flashcards

1
Q

Habitat patch

A

homogeneous area containing suitable conditions and resources needed to sustain a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Populations of many species (community) occur within a..

A

habitat patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Habitat patches are..

A

heterogeneously distributed over landscape separated by unsuitable habitat (results in many local isolated communities)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Local communities may interact through..

A

dispersal (emigration and immigration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Degree of interaction (dispersal) depends on

A

ability storage disperse between habitat patches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Landscape ecology

A

study of the causes and consequences of the spatial variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Landscapes are a collection of

A

communities that exist as patchwork assembly called mosaic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Landscape ecology focus on..

A

features such as distribution, shape, and spatial arrangement of patches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Naturally occurring patches reflect ..

A

regional variations in geology, topography, soil and climate. (conducted at different scales)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 Landscape ecology basis

A
  • landscape composition
  • landscape structure
  • landscape scale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Landscape structure includes

A
  • large vs small patches
  • how dispersed patches are
  • shape of patches
  • how fragmented the landscape is
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Landscape scale includes

A
  • grain

- extent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Grain =

A

smallest homogenous unit that is the focus of the study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Extent =

A

total area/time period covered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Island biogeography theory

A

larger islands (habitat patch) hold more spices than smaller islands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Number of species on an island (habitat patch) is determined by dynamic equilibrium between..

A
  • colonization (immigration) of species to island

- extirpation of species from the island

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

As the number of species increase..

A

the rate of species successfully colonizing decreases because early arrivals use up available habitats and resources (fundamental niches)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

As the number of species increases..

A

the rate of species being extirpated increases due to competition increases (Completely dominant species outcompete otherS)

19
Q

Equilibrium species richness (S) is reached when

A

colonization = extirpation (species richness is stable but species composition can change)

20
Q

Distance between islands (habitat patches) and island size influences..

A

colonization, extirpation rates and equilibrium species richness(S)

21
Q

1st prediction for island biogeography theory

A

-as the distance between patches increase the colonization rates will decrease leading to lower S per patch. species become less likely to successfully make journey as distance increases

22
Q

2nd prediction of island biogeography

A

-larger patch of island will have lower rates of extirpation leading to higher S. more resources and available habitats on lager island , smaller patches will have lower S

23
Q

Application of IBT

A

important cause anthropogenic extinction is because of habitat destruction/loss.

24
Q

Habitat destruction results in

A

highly fragmented landscapes leaving much smaller habitat patches that are farther apart relative to natural conditions.

25
Q

In fragmented landscapes ..

A

apply IDT to determine size of patches and distance between patches appropriate to maximizing biodiversity

26
Q

Human activities fragment existing patches into..

A

smaller and more isolated patches. conversion to grassland and forests to agriculture. roads/infrastructure, settlements

27
Q

Each habitat patch is composed of..

A
  • interior

- edge or border

28
Q

Interior

A

habitat has its own environment conditions and community structure

29
Q

Edge or border (transition zone)

A

where community structure and environmental conditions of adjacent patches are blended.

30
Q

Edge effect

A

diverse environmental conditions allow edges to support high species diversity

31
Q

Interior species

A

requires stable environmental conditions of interior habitats, no abrupt changes

32
Q

Edge species

A

can survive under unstable conditions with edge habitat

33
Q

Size and shape of patches together affect the..

A

edge:interior habitat ratio

34
Q

As patch size increases..

A

edge: interior habitat decreases.
- small patch mostly edge habitat,
- larger patch mostly interior habitat

35
Q

As patch width increases..

A

edge: interior habitat decreases.
- long narrow, mostly edge habitat
- square, circle, mostly interior habitat

36
Q

As the ratio of edge:interior habitat changes ..

A

should have higher diversity with increasing edge habitat but only if interior habitat remains

37
Q

Transition zones

A

patches border each other creating transition zones (Edges) from one patch to the next. area of contact, separation and transition connect patches allowing flows of energy, material and organisms

38
Q

Corridors

A

connect different patches together. strips of habitat that contain favourable conditions. contain similar vegetation to the patches they connect or contain similar conditions

39
Q

Corridors act as..

A

travel lanes connectedly subpopulation and aid in colonization of new patches

40
Q

Corridors important in landscape dominated by human activities and ..

A

road partition and fragment populations alter movement, reproduction, induce stress and increase mortality

41
Q

Artificial corridors may be one solution to ..

A

reconnect populations. bridges contain vegetation to mimic natural habitat

42
Q

Ecosystem management in general for..

A

preserving endangered interior species

43
Q

Best spatial configuration for core natural area

A
  • larger is better than smaller
  • closer together is better than farther apart
  • better if connected by habitat corridors
  • compact shapes are better for minimizing boundary length
  • buffer zone is preferable

Biol 2390 (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions