Topic 2 Circulatory system - the heart +

Question 1

What is the double circulatory system made up of

Answer 1

Made up of the heart, blood vessels and blood

Question 2

What happens in the first circuit of the the double circulatory system

Answer 2

The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to take in oxygen
The blood then returns to the heart

Question 3

What happens in the second circuit of the double circulatory system

Answer 3

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around all other organs of the body
The blood gives up the oxygen to body cells and the deoxygenated blood returns to the heart to be pumped to the lungs again

Question 4

What is the heart

Answer 4

A pumping organ that keeps blood flowing around the body

Question 5

What is the heart made of

Answer 5

Mostly muscle tissue

Question 6

What is the role of valves

Answer 6

To prevent blood flowing backwards

Question 7

What are the 4 chambers of the heart

Answer 7

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle

Question 8

How does blood flow around the heart

Answer 8

1) blood flows into the two atria from the vena cava and the pulmonary artery
2) the atria contract pushing blood into the ventricles
3) ventricles contract forcing blood into the pulmonary artery and the aorta out of the heart
4) the blood then flows to the organs through the arteries and returns through the veins
5) arteries fill again and cycle starts over

Question 9

How does the heart get its own oxygenated blood

Answer 9

Coronary arteries branch off the aorta and surround the heart

Question 10

What is resting heart rate controlled by

Answer 10

A group of cells in the right atrium wall called pacemakers

Question 11

What do pacemaker cells produce

Answer 11

Small electric impulse which spread to the surrounding muscle cells causing them to contract

Question 12

What is an artificial pacemaker

Answer 12

A device that is implanted under the skin and has a wire going to the heart
It produces an electric current to keep the heart beating regularly

Question 13

What is an artificial pacemaker used for

Answer 13

Used to control heartbeat if the natural pacemaker cells don’t work properly

Question 14

Rate of blood flow equation

Answer 14

Volume of blood / number of minutes

Question 15

What is an artificial heart

Answer 15

Mechanical device that pumps blood around the body whilst waiting for a donor

Question 16

Advantages of artificial hearts

Answer 16

Unlikely to be rejected

Question 17

Disadvantages of artificial hearts

Answer 17

Have to have surgery to fit them which can lead to infection and bleeding
The motor could fail
Blood clots could form