Topic 2 - cell structure parts Flashcards
euk
Nucleus
surrounded by double membrane called nuclear envelope.
- contains pores fro molecules to enter or leave.
- contains chromatin and a nuceolus, whcih is the site of ribosomes production
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
series of flattened sacs enclosed by a membrane with ribosomes on suface.
- it folds and processes proteins made on the ribosomes
Smooth endop;asmic reticulum
- a system of membrane-bound sacs.
- synthesises and processes lipids and steroids
Golgi apparatus
- series of fluid-filled, flattened and curved sacs called cisternae, with vesicles surrounding the edges.
- sorts, processes and packages proteins and lipids.
- produces lysosomes
Mitochondria
- oval shape and bound by double membrane called the envelope
- inner membrane folded to form projections called cristae, with matrix on inside containing enzymes needed for cellular respiration
cellular respiration - a series of reactions that break down
glucose to produce ATP
Centrioles
hollow cylinders containing rings of microtublea arranged at right angles to each other.
- involved in cell division
80s ribosomes
pro/eukayote?
- site of protein synthesis
- composed of a large 60S subunit and a small $0S subunit
-eukaryote
Lysosomes
vesicles containing digestive enzymes
- bound by single membrane
cell wall in bacteria v cell wall of a plant cell
plant = cellulose
bacteria = peptidoglycan
provides cell with strength and support
prokaryote
slime capsule
adhere meaning
protective slimy layer, helps to retain moisture and adhere to surfaces
adhere - stick fast to
plasmid
circular piece of DNA
flagellum
tail-like structure which totates to move the cell
Pili
hair-like structures which attach to other bacterial cells and allows plasmids to move from cell to cell
70s ribosomes
eukatyote/prokaryote?
-site of proetin synthesis
-composed of a large 50S subunit and a small 30S subunit
- prokaryote
Mesosomes
infolding of inner membrane which contains enzymes required for respiration
- in prokaryotic cells
