Topic 14 - Respiratory System Flashcards
Respiratory System: Overview
What are the 2 main functions?
- air movement = in + out of lungs
- exchanges of gases (O2 + CO2) between lungs and blood
Respiratory System: Overview
What are the 2 subdivisions?
- Upper respiratory system
- Lower respiratory system
Upper respiratory system refers to:
- nose
- nasal cavity
- pharynx
Lower respiratory system refers to:
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchial tree
- lungs
The respiratory system is lined with what?
mucosa (with one exception)
respiratory system is lined with mucosa (with one exception)
- all have…
- _______ tissue for most = ?
- cilia sweep mucous to where?
- CT layer of ALL mucosa = ?
- all have epithelial tissue + CT
- epithelial tissue for most = ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (with goblet cells)
- cilia sweep mucous to esophogus where swallowed
- connective tissue layer of ALL mucosa = lamina propria
epithelial tissue for most = what kind of epithelial tissue?
cilia sweep what to where?
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (with goblet cells)
- cilia sweep mucous to esophogus where swallowed
CT layer of ALL mucosa = ?
lamina propria
Name the 9 respiratory system structures
- Nose
- Nasal cavity
- Paranasal Sinus
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial Tree
- Lungs
- Respiratory Membrane
- Nose
- Nasal cavity
- Paranasal Sinus
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial Tree
- Lungs
- Respiratory Membrane
Nose
- supported by?
- nostrils =
- supported by bone + hyaline cartilage
- nostrils = nares
Nasal Cavity
what are the 3 functions?
- airway passage (heat + moisten air)
- olfaction
- speech (resonance chamber)
the nasal cavity is divided by?
nasal septum
the nasal cavity is divided by nasal septum
- anterior part = ?
- posterior part =?
anterior part = hyaline cartilage
posterior part = vomer, ethmoid, maxillae, palatine bones
what are the 3 areas of the nasal cavity?
- vestibule
- respiratory area
- olfactory area
Things to ask yourself
Nose
- what is it supported by?
Things to ask yourself
nasal cavity
- what are the functions?
- divided by what?
- what are the 3 areas?
supported by bone + hyaline cartilage
nose
nasal cavity: area
Vestibule
- what region
- lined by?
- anterior region
- lined by skin with coarse hair
nasal cavity: area
what region is the vestibule?
anterior region
nasal cavity: area
what region is the respiratory area?
posterior region
what area of the nasal cavity is lined by skin with coarse hair
vestibule
what kind of tissue is the mucosa of the respiratory area of the nasal cavity?
ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT
nasal cavity: area
respiratory area
choncae…
chonchae protrude from walls
- superior
- middle
- inferior - separate bone
nasal cavity: area ► respiratory area
inferior to choncae
nasal meatuses (shallow groove)
nasal cavity: area ► respiratory area
- chonchaea + meatuses cause what?
chonchae + meatuses cause air turbulence to knock out dust
nasal cavity: area ► respiratory area
lacrimal duct opens into where?
- lacrimal duct opens into cavity here (just below inferior nasal conchae)
- tears to nasal cavity
nasal cavity: respiratory area
EVERYTHING
- what region
- mucosa = ?
- chonchae…
- ?
- ?
- ?
- inferior to chonchae = ?
- chonchae + meatuses cause what?
- lacrimal duct opens into where?
- ?
- posterior region
- mucosa = ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT
- chonchae protrude from walls
- superior
- middle
- inferior - separate bone
- inferior to chonchae = nasal meatuses (shallow groove)
- chonchae + meatuses cause air turbulence to knock out dust
- lacrimal duct opens into cavity here (just below inferior chonchae)
- tears to nasal cavity
nasal cavity: area ► olfactory area
olfactory area
- sense of _____
- roof of ___ ______
- neurons = ?
- sense of smell
- roof of nasal cavity
- neurons = olfactory receptors
sense of smell refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
c) olfactory area
anterior region refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
vestibule
posterior region refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
respiratory area
roof of nasal cavity refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
olfactory area
chonchae protrude from walls refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
respiratory area
mucosa = ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
respiratory area
lacrimal duct opens into cavity here (just below inferior nasal chonchae) refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
respiratory area
this causes air turbulence to knock out dust
a) vestibule
b) ethmoid
c) paranasal sinuses
d) chonchae + meatuses
e) epiglottis
chonchae + meatuses
roof of nasal cavity refers to
a) vestibule
b) respiratory area
c) olfactory area
olfactory area
neurons of the olfactory area is called
olfactory receptors
Paranasal Sinuses
- air filled spaces
- how many?
- located where?
8 air filled spaces in skull
Paranasal Sinuses
8 air filled spaces in skull
- paired left & right spaces in:
- frontal
- sphenoid
- ethmoid
- maxillae
Paranasal Sinuses
- open into where?
open directly into nasal cavity
what is the function of paranasal sinuses?
- warm
- moisten air
- lighten skull
paranasal sinuses
sinusitis = ?
inflammation of mucous membrane
Paranasal Sinuses
- air filled spaces
- how many and where?
- paired left & right spaces in:
- how many and where?
- open directly into where?
- function?
- sinusitis = ?
-
8 air filled spaces in skull
- paired left & right spaces in
- frontal
- sphenoid
- ethmoid
- maxillae
- paired left & right spaces in
- open directly into nasal cavity
- function: warm, moisten air, lighten skull
- sinusitis = inflammation of mucous membrane
Pharynx (throat)
- how many regions?
- what are the 3 regions
- 3 regions
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharynx
Pharynx: Nasopharynx
- posterior to?
- ___ ______ only
- contains
- posterior to nasal cavity
- air passage only
- contains:
- pharyngeal tonsil
-
openings
- 2 posterior nasal apertures
- 2 eustachian tubes
what does the nasopharynx contain?
- pharyngeal tonsil
- openings
- 2 posterior nasal apertures
- 2 eustachian tubes
Pharynx (Throat)
Oropharynx
- posterior to _______
- _____ & _____ passage
- what kind of tissue
- from _______ to top of epiglottis
- contains
- posterior to oral cavity
- air + food passage
- stratified squamous epithelium
- from soft palate to top of epiglottis
- contains
- palatine tonsils
- lingual tonsil
oropharynx
posterior to:
oral cavity
oropharynx
air + food ______
air + food passage
oropharynx
________ squamous epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium
oropharynx
from soft palate to ____________
from soft palate to top of epiglottis
oropharynx contains:
- palatine tonsils
- lingual tonsil
laryngopharynx
- ___ + _____ passage
- what kind of tissue
- from ______ to opening of ________
- air + food passage
- stratified squamous epithelium
- from epiglottis to opening of larynx
what do the oropharynx and laryngopharynx have in common?
- air + food passage
- stratified squamous epithelium
what is the difference between the passages of the nasopharynx and the oropharynx & laryngopharynx?
the nasopharynx: air passage only
oropharynx and laryngopharynx: air + food passage
laryngopharynx
from _________ to __________
from epiglottis to opening of larynx
air passage only refers to
a) nasopharynx
b) oropharynx
c) laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
posterior to oral cavity refers to
a) nasopharynx
b) oropharynx
c) laryngopharynx
oropharynx
from soft palate to top of epiglottis refer to
a) nasopharynx
b) oropharynx
c) laryngopharynx
oropharynx
contains palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils refers to
a) nasopharynx
b) oropharynx
c) laryngopharynx
oropharynx
from epiglottis to opening of larynx refer to
a) nasopharynx
b) oropharynx
c) laryngopharynx
laryngopharynx
Larynx (voice box)
- ____ passage only
- made of how many cartilages?
- vocal cords = ?
- glottis:)
- laryngitis:)
- air passage only
- made of 9 cartilages
- vocal cords = 2 paired folds in the mucosa
end of q cards
continue @ larynx
