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Anatomy > Topic 14 - Respiratory System > Flashcards

Topic 14 - Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Respiratory System: Overview

What are the 2 main functions?

A
  • air movement = in + out of lungs
  • exchanges of gases (O2 + CO2) between lungs and blood
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2
Q

Respiratory System: Overview

What are the 2 subdivisions?

A
  1. Upper respiratory system
  2. Lower respiratory system
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3
Q

Upper respiratory system refers to:

A
  • nose
  • nasal cavity
  • pharynx
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4
Q

Lower respiratory system refers to:

A
  • larynx
  • trachea
  • bronchial tree
  • lungs
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5
Q

The respiratory system is lined with what?

A

mucosa (with one exception)

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6
Q

respiratory system is lined with mucosa (with one exception)

  • all have…
  • _______ tissue for most = ?
    • cilia sweep mucous to where?
  • CT layer of ALL mucosa = ?
A
  • all have epithelial tissue + CT
  • epithelial tissue for most = ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (with goblet cells)
    • ​cilia sweep mucous to esophogus where swallowed
  • ​connective tissue layer of ALL mucosa = lamina propria
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7
Q

epithelial tissue for most = what kind of epithelial tissue?

cilia sweep what to where?

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (with goblet cells)

  • cilia sweep mucous to esophogus where swallowed
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8
Q

CT layer of ALL mucosa = ?

A

lamina propria

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9
Q

Name the 9 respiratory system structures

  1. Nose
  2. Nasal cavity
  3. Paranasal Sinus
  4. Pharynx
  5. Larynx
  6. Trachea
  7. Bronchial Tree
  8. Lungs
  9. Respiratory Membrane
A
  1. Nose
  2. Nasal cavity
  3. Paranasal Sinus
  4. Pharynx
  5. Larynx
  6. Trachea
  7. Bronchial Tree
  8. Lungs
  9. Respiratory Membrane
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10
Q

Nose

  • supported by?
  • nostrils =
A
  • supported by bone + hyaline cartilage
  • nostrils = nares
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11
Q

Nasal Cavity

what are the 3 functions?

A
  1. airway passage (heat + moisten air)
  2. olfaction
  3. speech (resonance chamber)
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12
Q

the nasal cavity is divided by?

A

nasal septum

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13
Q

the nasal cavity is divided by nasal septum

  • anterior part = ?
  • posterior part =?
A

anterior part = hyaline cartilage

posterior part = vomer, ethmoid, maxillae, palatine bones

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14
Q

what are the 3 areas of the nasal cavity?

A
  1. vestibule
  2. respiratory area
  3. olfactory area
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15
Q

Things to ask yourself

Nose

A
  • what is it supported by?
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16
Q

Things to ask yourself

nasal cavity

A
  • what are the functions?
  • divided by what?
  • what are the 3 areas?
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17
Q

supported by bone + hyaline cartilage

A

nose

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18
Q

nasal cavity: area

Vestibule

  • what region
  • lined by?
A
  • anterior region
  • ​​​lined by skin with coarse hair
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19
Q

nasal cavity: area

what region is the vestibule?

A

anterior region

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20
Q

nasal cavity: area

what region is the respiratory area?

A

posterior region

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21
Q

what area of the nasal cavity is lined by skin with coarse hair

A

vestibule

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22
Q

what kind of tissue is the mucosa of the respiratory area of the nasal cavity?

A

ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT

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23
Q

nasal cavity: area

respiratory area

choncae…

A

chonchae protrude from walls

  • superior
  • middle
  • inferior - separate bone
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24
Q

nasal cavity: area ► respiratory area

inferior to choncae

A

nasal meatuses (shallow groove)

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25
nasal cavity: area ► respiratory area * chonchaea + meatuses cause what?
chonchae + meatuses cause air turbulence to knock out dust
26
nasal cavity: area ► respiratory area lacrimal duct opens into where?
* lacrimal duct opens into cavity here (just below inferior nasal conchae) * tears to nasal cavity
27
nasal cavity: respiratory area EVERYTHING * what region * mucosa = ? * chonchae... * ? * ? * ? * inferior to chonchae = ? * chonchae + meatuses cause what? * lacrimal duct opens into where? * ?
* posterior region * mucosa = ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT * chonchae protrude from walls * superior * middle * inferior - separate bone * inferior to chonchae = nasal meatuses (shallow groove) * chonchae + meatuses cause air turbulence to knock out dust * lacrimal duct opens into cavity here (just below inferior chonchae) * tears to nasal cavity
28
nasal cavity: area ► olfactory area olfactory area * sense of \_\_\_\_\_ * roof of ___ \_\_\_\_\_\_ * neurons = ?
* sense of **smell** * roof of **nasal cavity** * neurons = **olfactory receptors**
29
***sense of smell*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
c) olfactory area
30
***anterior region*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
vestibule
31
***posterior region*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
respiratory area
32
***roof of nasal cavity*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
olfactory area
33
***chonchae protrude from walls*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
respiratory area
34
***mucosa = ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
respiratory area
35
***lacrimal duct opens into cavity here (just below inferior nasal chonchae)*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
respiratory area
36
this ***causes air turbulence to knock out dust*** ## Footnote a) vestibule b) ethmoid c) paranasal sinuses d) chonchae + meatuses e) epiglottis
chonchae + meatuses
37
***roof of nasal cavity*** refers to ## Footnote a) vestibule b) respiratory area c) olfactory area
olfactory area
38
neurons of the olfactory area is called
olfactory receptors
39
Paranasal Sinuses * air filled spaces * how many? * located where?
**8** air filled spaces **in skull**
40
Paranasal Sinuses 8 air filled spaces in skull * paired left & right spaces in:
1. frontal 2. sphenoid 3. ethmoid 4. maxillae
41
Paranasal Sinuses * open into where?
open **directly** into **nasal cavity**
42
what is the function of paranasal sinuses?
* warm * moisten air * lighten skull
43
paranasal sinuses sinusitis = ?
inflammation of mucous membrane
44
Paranasal Sinuses * air filled spaces * how many and where? * paired left & right spaces in: * open directly into where? * function? * sinusitis = ?
* **8** air filled spaces **in skull** * paired left & right spaces in * ***frontal*** * ***sphenoid*** * ***ethmoid*** * ***maxillae*** * open directly **into nasal cavity** * function: **warm, moisten air, lighten skull** * sinusitis = **inflammation of mucous membrane**
45
Pharynx (throat) * how many regions? * what are the 3 regions
* 3 regions 1. nasopharynx 2. oropharynx 3. laryngopharynx
46
Pharynx: Nasopharynx * posterior to? * ___ \_\_\_\_\_\_ only * contains
* posterior to **nasal cavity** * **air passage** only * contains: * **pharyngeal tonsil** * **openings** * **2 posterior nasal apertures** * **2 eustachian tubes**
47
what does the ***nasopharynx*** contain?
* pharyngeal tonsil * openings * 2 posterior nasal apertures * 2 eustachian tubes
48
Pharynx (Throat) Oropharynx * posterior to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ * _____ & _____ passage * what kind of tissue * from _______ to top of epiglottis * contains
* posterior to **oral cavity** * air + food **passage** * **stratified squamous epithelium** * from **soft palate** to top of epiglottis * contains * **palatine tonsils** * **lingual tonsil**
49
oropharynx posterior to:
oral cavity
50
oropharynx air + food \_\_\_\_\_\_
air + food passage
51
oropharynx \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ squamous epithelium
**stratified** squamous epithelium
52
oropharynx from soft palate to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
​from soft palate to **top of epiglottis**
53
oropharynx contains:
* palatine tonsils * lingual tonsil
54
laryngopharynx * ___ + _____ passage * what kind of tissue * from ______ to opening of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
* **air + food** passage * **stratified squamous epithelium** * from **epiglottis** to opening of **larynx**
55
what do the oropharynx and laryngopharynx have in common?
* air + food passage * stratified squamous epithelium
56
what is the difference between the _passages_ of the nasopharynx and the oropharynx & laryngopharynx?
**the nasopharynx:** air passage only **oropharynx and laryngopharynx:** air + food passage
57
laryngopharynx from _________ to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
from **epiglottis** to **opening of larynx**
58
***air passage only*** refers to ## Footnote a) nasopharynx b) oropharynx c) laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
59
***posterior to oral cavity*** refers to ## Footnote a) nasopharynx b) oropharynx c) laryngopharynx
oropharynx
60
***from soft palate to top of epiglottis*** refer to ## Footnote a) nasopharynx b) oropharynx c) laryngopharynx
oropharynx
61
***contains palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils*** refers to ## Footnote a) nasopharynx b) oropharynx c) laryngopharynx
oropharynx
62
***from epiglottis to opening of larynx*** refer to ## Footnote a) nasopharynx b) oropharynx c) laryngopharynx
laryngopharynx
63
Larynx (voice box) * ____ passage only * made of how many cartilages? * vocal cords = ? * glottis:) * laryngitis:)
* **air** passage only * made of **9** cartilages * vocal cords = **2 paired folds in the mucosa**
64
end of q cards continue @ larynx

Anatomy (27 decks)

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