Topic 113 - Salmonellosis of cattle (GREEN)

Question 1

Occurrence of salmonellosis in cattle

Answer 1

Worldwide !!
BUT, sporadic in countries where the calves are not kept together in grower farms

Question 2

Age susceptible for salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 2

Endemic in calves
Seen in suckling calves, 2-6 weeks of age

Sporadic in adults, causing abortions

Question 3

Predisposing factors of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 3

1. Selling young calves
2. Transportation
3. Overcrowding
4. Mixing of animals
5. Hygienic problems
6. Animal getting cold

Question 4

causative agent of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 4

S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis and several other salmonella serotypes

Question 5

How are animals introduced to salmonellosis in cattle?

Answer 5

By rodents and birds, feed and newly introduced animals shed the bacteria

Question 6

route of infection in case of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 6

Per os, with feaces

Question 7

Pathogenesis of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 7

1. Per os infection
2. The bacteria reaches the gut and stomach
3. sometimes bacteriaemia, septicaemia and the bacteria reaches the parenchymal organs and we see focal inflammation and necrosis

Question 8

Clinical signs of salmonellosis in cattle

Answer 8

ACUTE
1. Fever
2. Anorexia
3. Diarrhoea: watery, yellow. Later phase we see fibrin and mucous and in the final phase we see blood

CHRONIC
1. Lameness
2. Movement disorders: the joints are swollen, warm and painfull
3. mastitis
4. abortion

Question 9

PM lesions of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 9

ACUTE
1. inflammation of small intestines
2. enlarged lymph nodes
3. paratyphomas

CHRONIC
1. Arthritis
2. Aborted foetus

Question 10

How to diagnose salmonellosis in cattle

Answer 10

Bacterium isolation:
- Selective isolation = faeces, milk, discharge
- Direct inoculation = organs

Question 11

Treatment of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 11

1. AB
2. Symptomatic treatment: Reduction of diarrhoea and rehydration
3. Chronic shedder animals are culled !!

Question 12

Prevention methods on case of salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 12

1. General epidemiological rules: isolation, rodent control
2. Prevention of infection: Hygiene
3. Preventing of predisposing factors
4. Vaccines

Question 13

Type of vaccines used for salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 13

Inactivated and live, they are serotype specific

Question 14

How to eradicate salmonellosis in cattle:

Answer 14

Good hygiene and general epidemiological measures ⭢ Regular bacteriological and serological examinations is made and removal of infected animals