Topic 1 🌮

Question 1

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 1

Are single celled and do not have a membrane bound nucleus

Question 2

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

Do have a membrane bound nucleus they are complex and contain membrane bound organelles

Question 3

Diameter of prokaryotic cell

Answer 3

0.5 - 5 um

Question 4

Size of eukaryotic cell

Answer 4

10 - 100 um

Question 5

Prokaryotic ribosome size

Answer 5

70s

Question 6

Eukaryotic ribosome size

Answer 6

80s

Question 7

What do hydrothermal vents do?

Answer 7

Carry our chemosynthesis which gives them warm conditions to live in

Question 8

Cytoskeleton

Answer 8

Made of protein filaments and tubules (fibers) within cells helps maintain shape and framework giving an internal framework it provides mechanical support so cell can carry out transport, devision and movement. It consist of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments

Question 9

Microtubles

Answer 9

Made of protein tubulin they protect cell from collapse and transport system they attach to chromosomes bundles of microfilaments
form cillia and flagella constantly assembling and disassembling

Question 10

Microfilaments

Answer 10

(Actin filaments) made of actin mesh works or bundles of parallel fibers determine the shape of cell the skeleton can contract causing muscle contractions

Question 11

Intermediate filaments

Answer 11

Very stable made of 60+ proteins they anchor the nucleus give it elastic properties so can withstand tension

Question 12

Resolution

Answer 12

Ability to distinguish 2 objects that are close together as separate objects

Question 13

Magnification

Answer 13

How many times bigger the image produced by the microscope is than its actual size of the real life object

Question 14

Staining

Answer 14

Helps make cells become visible/ easier to see by providing contrast can also be used to view certain parts of the cell

Question 15

Compound microscope (light)

Answer 15

Uses visible light to illuminate a thin section of sample
+ overview of sample, some living things
- lower resolution compared to electron m
Mag: 2000x
Res: 200nm

Question 16

Confocal laser scanning microscope

Answer 16

Looks at thin slices in a sample looks specifically at parts of a cell
+ living cells understand relationships between cells
- low resolution compared to electron microscope ONLY SEE FLUORESCENT OBJECTS
mag: 2000x res: difficult to determine

Question 17

Scanning electron microscope (sem)

Answer 17

Lets user look at surface of objects at high resolution
+ looking at surface of objects in 3d
- can’t look at living things as objects have to be dried and coated in metal, costly to run
Mag: 100,000x res: 0.2nm

Question 18

Transmission electron microscope (tem)

Answer 18

Look at very thin cross section of objects
+ internal structure, very high resolution
- can’t look at living things, costly to run
Mag: 500,000x res: 0.2nm

Question 19

what is muscus

Answer 19

a glycoprotein

Question 20

sequence of events leading to mucus being produced

Answer 20

nucleus to ribosomes to rer to golgi aooaratus forming vesicle to cell surface membrane