enzymes🥩

Question 1

lock and key model

Answer 1

substrate binds with enzyme at active site due to complimentary shapes

Question 2

what type of proteins are enzymes

Answer 2

globular proteins

Question 3

what are enzymes weight like

Answer 3

high molecular weight as lots of amino acids

Question 4

what are enzymes sensitive to

Answer 4

ph change, tempeture change,

Question 5

induced fit model

Answer 5

takes into account that enzymes have 3d flexibility, the binding of substrate induces enzyme to change shape and fit exactly

Question 6

what do enzymes do

Answer 6

lower activation energy

Question 7

what is the optimum tempeture

Answer 7

37 - 40 c for most enzymes

Question 8

what is the tempeture coefficient

Answer 8

q10

Question 9

how does ph damage enzyme

Answer 9

affect ionic and hydrogen bonds responsible for teritery structure denaturing enzyme

Question 10

what is enzyme concentration

Answer 10

a limiting factor

Question 11

inhibitors

Answer 11

decrease rate of enzyme reactions, can be revisable or irreriversable

Question 12

competitive inhibitors

Answer 12

molecule simular to in shape to normal substrate, it competes with normal substrate for active site

Question 13

effect of competitive inhibitors

Answer 13

if substrate concentration is high then they can successfully compete for active sites, if substrate concentration is low then inhibitors can successfully compete

Question 14

non competitive inhibitors

Answer 14

don’t bind to active site, bind elsewhere in allosteric site. causes teirtery structure to change so no longer complimentary

Question 15

increasing substrate concentration with non competive inhibitors

Answer 15

has no effect and reaction will never reach max

Question 16

extracellular enzyme

Answer 16

enzyme which is secreted by cell and functions outside of cell, its used to break down large molecules in process of digestion

Question 17

example not extracellular proteins

Answer 17

trypsin which is a digestive enzyme which breaks peptide bonds in large proteins

Question 18

intracellular enzymes

Answer 18

enzymes which are present inside cell membrane and function inside of cell

Question 19

intracellular enzyme example

Answer 19

catalase which converts toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

Question 20

standard deviation

Answer 20

a measure of how spread the data is, the greater the sd the greater the spread of data

Question 21

cofactors / coenzyme

Answer 21

non protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzymes activity as a catalyst. can be considered a helper molecule

Question 22

holoenzyme

Answer 22

an active enzyme with its non protein component

Question 23

apoenzyme

Answer 23

inactive enzyme without its nonprotein part, if non protein part its metal ion its a cofactor

Question 24

prosthetic group

Answer 24

tightly bound to form permanent features of protein