Cells 🧅

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

Internal fluid component of the cell

Question 2

Nucleoid

Answer 2

Irregularly shaped region of cytoplasm of the prokaryote that contains all or most of the dna

Question 3

Plasmids

Answer 3

Autonomous circular DNA molecules that may be transferred between bacteria (horizontal gene transfer)

Question 4

Ribosome

Answer 4

(70s) complexes of RNA and protein used for protein synthesis

Question 5

Cell surface membrane

Answer 5

Selective barrier surrounding the cell

Question 6

Cell wall

Answer 6

Rigid peptidoglycan covering to maintain shape and prevents bursting (lysis)

Question 7

Slime capule

Answer 7

Polysaccharide layer used for protection against dessication (drying out) and phagocytosis

Question 8

Flagella

Answer 8

Projection containing motor protein to enable movement

Question 9

Pili

Answer 9

Hair like extensions that enable adherence to surfaces or mediate bacterial conjugation

Question 10

Nucleus

Answer 10

Stores dna as chromatin, coordinates cell’s activity’s (growth, protein synthesis, reproduction and intermediary metabolism)

Question 11

Plasma membrane

Answer 11

Surrounds the cell to provide a physical barrier to controls exit and entry of substances allows communication between cells its a phospholipid bilayer than contains cholesterol and proteins

Question 12

Nucleolus

Answer 12

Found within nucleus it produces and assembles ribosomes

Question 13

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 13

Involved in some protein production and folding made of flattered sealed sacs studded with ribosomes

Question 14

Golgi apparatus

Answer 14

Receives protein and lipids from RER, modifying them and sorts, concentrates and packaging them into vesicles

Question 15

Lysosomes

Answer 15

Involved in dismantling and recycling of various substrates

Question 16

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 16

Associated with the production and metabolism of fats and steroid hormones has a role in detoxifying chemicals

Question 17

Mitochondria

Answer 17

Responsible for energy release as atp via oxidative phosphorylation

Question 18

Chloroplast

Answer 18

Harness light energy for photosynthesis contains stacks (grana) of thylakoids which contain photosynthetic pigments

Question 19

Permanent vacuole

Answer 19

Plants use them to adjust their size and turgor pressure can also serves as storage compartments for nutrients and metabolites

Question 20

Centrioles

Answer 20

Involved in spinal assembly composed of short length microtublets has 9+2 arrangement