TLO 1.6 Communication Flashcards
Personal space
Intimate distance: 0-18”
Personal distance: 18-40”
Social distance: 4-12 feet
Public distance: 12+ feet
Special zones of touch:
Social: no permission, hands, arms, shoulders, back
Consent: need permission, mouth, wrist and feet
Vulnerable: need permission, face, neck, front of body
Intimate: need permission, genitalia, rectum
Helping relationships
Preinteraction phase: before meeting patient, chart, report
Orientation phase: when you meet pt, get to know each other
Working phase: you and pt work together to solve problems, set goals, therapeutic communication
Termination phase: ending of pt/nurse relationship
Professional communication
Courtesy Use of names Privacy and confidentiality Trustworthiness Autonomy and responsibility Assertiveness
AIDET, what does it mean
Acknowledge Introduce Duration Explain Thank you
Therapeutic communication
Active listening Sharing observation Sharing empathy Sharing hope Sharing humor Sharing feelings Asking relevant questions Self disclosure Using touch Using silence Providing silence Providing information Clarifying Focusing Paraphrasing Validation Summarizing Confrontation
Non-therapeutic communication
Asking personal questions Giving personal opinions Changing the subject Automatic responses False reassurance Sympathy Asking for explanations Approval or disapproval Defensive responses Passive or aggressive responses Arguing
Age considerations, INFANTS
Calm, soft soothing voice
Be responsive to cries
Talk and read to infants
Talk to infant as you are about to perform care
Use slow approach and allow child time to get to know you
Age consideration, TODDLERS
Learn toddler’s words for common items, use them in conversation
Describe activities as they are about to be done
Use pictures books and play for demos
Be responsive to child’s receptivity toward you and approach cautiously
Prepare child immediately before event
Age consideration, PRESCHOOL
Try to offer choices
Use play to explain activities/procedures
Use simple sentences
Picture and story book, puppets
Explain activities as they are about to be done
Explanations should be less than 5 min
Engage in prep activities 1-3 hr before event
Age consideration, SCHOOL AGE
Photographs, books, diagrams, charts, videos to explain
Explanations should be sequential
Engage in conversations that encourage critical thinking
Limits and consequences
Medical play techniques
Introduce prep materials 1-5 days before event
Age considerations, ADOLESCENTS
Engage in conversations about pt interests
Photographs, books, diagrams, charts, video to explain
Use collaborative approach: foster and support independence
Respect privacy needs
Introduce prep materials up to 1 week before event
Language barriers
Law require hospitals provide language access services
Onsite interpreter or telephone interpretation services
Family and friends are interpreters discouraged, poses legal liabilities
Learn common words in the child’s language
Use of play
Language isn’t the only barrier
