Class 1 TLO 3.4 Teaching

Question 1

6 levels of cognitive learning according to Bloom

Answer 1

Remember: learning new facts/information and being able to recall them

Understand: ability to understand the meaning of learned material

Apply: using abstract, newly learned ideas in an actual situation

Analyze: breaking down information into organized parts

Evaluate: ability to judge the value of something for a given purpose

Creating: ability to apply knowledge/skill to create something new

Question 2

5 levels of behavior in the affective learning hierarchy

Answer 2

Receiving: learner is passive and needs only to pay attention and receiving information

Responding: requires active participating through listening and reacting verbally and non-verbally

Valuing: attaching worth and value to the acquired knowledge as demonstrated by the learners’ behavior

Organizing: developing a value system by identifying and organizing values according to their worth

Characterizing: acting/responding with a consistent value, system; requires introspection and self examination of one’s own values in relations to an ethical issue or particular experience

Question 3

7 levels of psycho-motor learning

Answer 3

Fundamental: skills, movement or behaviors, walking, running, jumping. Skills for more complex actions

Perception: being aware of objects or qualities through the use of sensory stimulation. Visual, auditory and how we react to them

Guided response: early stages of learning a particular skill under the guidance of an instructor that involves imitation and practice of a demonstrated act

Mechanism: higher level of behavior in which a person gains confidence and proficiency in performing a skill that is more complex or involves several more steps than a guided response.

Covert/overt response: smoothly and accurately performing a motor skill that requires complex movement patterns

Adaptation: motor skills are well developed and movement can be modified when unexpected problems occur

Origination: using existing psycho motor skills to create new movement patterns and perform them as needed in response to a particular situation or problem

Question 4

Explain how MOTIVATION affect learning

Answer 4

Internal impulse that causes a person to take action

If a person does not want to learn, it is unlikely that learning will occur

Question 5

Explain how ABILITY TO LEARN affect learning

Answer 5

Developmental capability: you need to know the patient’s level of knowledge and intellectual skills before beginning a teaching plan

Learning in children: information presented to children needs to be understandable and the expected outcomes must be realistic based on the developmental stage

Adult learning: assessing what an adult patient currently knows, teaching what the patient wants to know and setting mutual goals improve the outcomes of patient education.

Physical capability: depends on the patient’s level of physical development and overall physical health

Question 6

Explain how LEARNING ENVIRONMENT affect learning

Answer 6

The ideal setting helps a patient focus on the learning task.
Number of people included
Need for privacy
Room temperature
Room lighting
Noise
Ventilation
Furniture in room

Question 7

Factors influencing learning

Answer 7

Developmental
Language
Culture
Previous experiences
Physical environment
Organization and skill of the teacher

Question 8

Stage of development affects learning

INFANT

Answer 8

Trust vs Mistrust
teach via consistent routine
hold securely
have infant touch different textures

Question 9

Stage of development affects learning

TODDLER

Answer 9

Autonomy vs Shame
use play to teach
use simple words
let toddler handle exam equipment, bandaging, picture books.

Question 10

Stage of development affects learning

PRESCHOOLER

Answer 10

Initiative vs Guilt
teach via role play, imitation
simple explanations and demo
simple pictures and stories

Question 11

Stage of development affects learning

SCHOOL AGE

Answer 11

Industry vs Inferiority
offer opportunities to ask questions
teach simple psycho motor skills
find way to allow child to help succeed

Question 12

Stage of development affects learning

ADOLESCENT

Answer 12

Identity vs Role confusion
encourage to express feelings
collaborate on plan/what want to learn first
allow to make decisions from positive choices
may need help with problem solving

Question 13

Stage of development affects learning

YOUNG ADULT

Answer 13

Intimacy vs isolation
encourage participation in teaching plan
allow to learn independently, then answer questions
offer information in the order patient wants to know
encourage to write down questions
if you don’t know, say so

Question 14

Why is patient education important

Answer 14

Goal: educating other about their health is to help individuals, families, communities achieve optimal levels of health

Maintenance and promotion of health ad illness prevention

Restoration of health

coping with impaired functions

Question 15

Teaching and learning principles

1-4

Answer 15

1 The learner’s personal characteristics, cultures, interests, knowledge, attitudes, and prior experience influence learning potential and give direction to planning content to be covered.

2 The learner’s mental status and readiness for learning influence what is to be learned and the rate of learning. (timing)

3 Learning becomes more meaningful when the learner participates in setting the learning goals and activities. (readiness)

4 Active involvement of the learner is essential if maximum learning is to occur.

Question 16

Teaching and learning principles

5-8

Answer 16

5 Putting the learned material to immediate use increases retention of learning. (feedback and repetition)

6 Relating appropriate material to be learned with what the learner already knows facilitates learning.

7 Learning is facilitated when the learner is allowed to learn at his own rate of ability with objectives that are reasonable and realistic to motivate him to further accomplishment. (motivation)

8 Reinforcement of learning, rate, amount of retention’s and degree of behavior changes are facilitated by rewards of recognition, praise and peer status. (self-efficacy)

Question 17

Psychomotor learning methods?

Answer 17

Demonstration
Practice
Return demonstration
Independent projects, games

Question 18

Basic learning principles?

Answer 18

Motivation: influenced by their belief in the need to know something.
learning theories
cultural factors
active participation

Readiness to learn:
wiliness to engage in the learning

Ability to learn:
development level, physical and cognitive capabilities

Learning environment:
environment that might make it difficult to learn. Take away environmental distractions