Tissues (Exam 1)

Question 0

Classification based on

Answer 0

Structure of the cell
Composition of non cellular substances that surround the cell
Cell function

Question 1

4 types

Answer 1

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Question 2

Epithelial

Answer 2

Covers body surfaces and lines cavities
Forms some glands

Apical and basal surfaces

Functions: protection (skin), secretion (sweat glands), absorption (intestinal lining)

Question 3

Apical surface

Answer 3

Exposed to the body exterior or to the cavity of an internal organ
Can have microvilli
Ca have cilia

Question 4

Basal surface

Answer 4

Opposite apical
In contact with the structure that the tissue is covering or lining
Associated with a basement membrane

Question 5

Basement membrane

Answer 5

Extra cellular material that is secreted by the epithelial cells

Question 6

Simple tissue

Answer 6

One layer of cells

Question 7

Stratified tissue

Answer 7

Multiple layers of cells

Question 8

Types of connective tissue

Answer 8

Loose (areolar, adipose)
Dense (regular, irregular)
Cartilage (hyaline, elastic, fibro-)
Bone (spongy/cancellous, compact)
Blood

Question 9

All connective tissue is derived from the same embryonic tissue type

Answer 9

Mesenchyme

Question 10

Extracellular matrix

Answer 10

Non living structural portion of tissue that surrounds and separates living cells

Question 11

Collagen fibers

Answer 11

Tick fibrous protein
Extremely strong
Most abundant

Question 12

Elastic fibers

Answer 12

Made of the protein elastin
Provides recoil ability

Skin, lungs, blood vessels

Question 13

Reticular fibers

Answer 13

Thin fibrous protein
Forms a supportive network around lymphatic tissue

Spleen, lymph nodes

Question 14

Loose/dense

Answer 14

Fibroblast, fibrocyte

Question 15

Cartilage

Answer 15

Chondroblast, chondrocyte

Question 16

Bone

Answer 16

Osteoblast, osteocytes

Question 17

Blood

Answer 17

Hemopoietic stem cell, rbc and WBC

Question 18

Areolar

Answer 18

Loose

Attaches to underlying tissues

Question 19

Adipose

Answer 19

Fat
Loose
Yellow- storage, insulation, protection
Brown- generates heat, especially in newborns

Armpits and neck

Question 20

Regular

Answer 20

Dense
Protein fibers are arranged din one direction (more strength)
Forms tendons

Question 21

Irregular

Answer 21

Dense
Protein fibers are arranged randomly
Found where stretch and flexibility are necessary (skin)

Question 22

Hyaline

Answer 22

Cartilage
Most abundant
found where support and flexibility are needed

Costal cartilage of the ribs
Nose
Trachea
Articulating surfaces

Question 23

Fibrocartilage

Answer 23

Cartilage
Made o flange collagen bundles
Fund in areas that withstand high pressure

Knee joint
Between vertebrae

Question 24

Elastic

Answer 24

Cartilage Made of elastin and collagen Found in areas that are rigid but flexible External ears (pinna)

Question 25

Cancellous/spongy bone

Answer 25

Bone Made of flat bony plates called trabeculae Between trabeculae are large open spaces filled with bone marrow Makes up the inner portion of most bones

Question 26

Compact bone

Answer 26

Bone Made of bony layers called lamellae Lamellae have no spaces between them Outer covering of most bones

Question 27

Blood

Answer 27

Formed by Hemopoietic stem cells which are mostly in bone marrow Made of plasma, rbc, WBC, and platelets Transports things throughout the body

Question 28

Nervous tissue

Answer 28

Found in brain, spinal cord, and fibers extending from these areas Controls body functions through electrical signals called action potentials

Question 29

Neurons/nerve cells

Answer 29

Actual conducting cells | Produce action potential

Question 30

Neuroglia

Answer 30

Non conducting support cells | Provide insulation and protection to neurons

Question 31

Muscle

Answer 31

Responsible for movement | Contracts/shortens in response to electrical signals

Question 32

Contraction is accomplished by the intersection of cellular contractile proteins called

Answer 32

Actin and myosin

Question 33

Striated

Answer 33

Visible microscopic bands of contractile proteins

Question 34

Smooth muscle

Answer 34

Bands are not visible

Question 35

Voluntary

Answer 35

Consciously controlled

Question 36

Involuntary

Answer 36

Unconsciously controlled

Question 37

Skeletal

Answer 37

Packages in connective tissue sheets that are attached to bone Cells are multinucleate Striated, voluntary

Question 38

Cardiac

Answer 38

Found only in the heart Cells are mononucleate Striated, involuntary

Question 39

Smooth

Answer 39

Found in the walls of hollow organs (small intestine, blood vessels) Cells are mononucleate Smooth, involuntary