Protection of the CNS, Spinal Cord (Final) Flashcards
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Duramater
Strongest
2 layer sheet of fibrous CT
Periosteal layer
Meningeal layer
Meninges
3 CT membranes external to spinal cord
Contain CSF
Duramater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
Periosteal layer
Superficial to skull periosteum
Meningeal layer
Deep
Has dural septa (forms the partitions that limit movement of brain within cranium)
Arachnoid mater
Middle layer
Above the layer is subdural space
Below is the subarachnoid space (both contain CSF)
Contains the brains largest blood vessels
Has arachnoid villi (projections that absorb CSF for recirculating via the venous system)
Pia mater
Innermost layer made of very thin CT
Highly vascularized
Spinal cord
Enclosed in the vertebral column
Extends from the Foramen magnum to the level of L1 or L2 (17 in.)
Provides two way conduction pathway to and from the brain
Gross anatomy (spinal cord)
Comes to a tapered end called the conus modularis
The nerve rootlets called cauda equina extend down to the coccyx bone
Attached to the coccyx via an extension of the pia mater called filum terminale
Functional anatomy
Dorsal root Dorsal root ganglion Dorsal horn Lateral horn Central horn Ventral root Central canal
Dorsal root
Passageway for sensory/afferent fibers to enter CNS
Mostly unipolar and some bipolar
Dorsal root ganglion
Contains cell bodies of sensory unipolar/bipolar neurons
Dorsal horn
Cell bodies of interneurons that unipolar/bipolar neurons synapse with
Lateral horn
Contains cell bodies of autonomic efferent fibers (to viscera)
Ventral horn
Contains cell bodies of our somatic efferent NS fibers (to skeletal muscle)
Ventral root
Passageway for all motor/efferent fibers to leave the CNS (to effectors)
Fibers from both the ventral and lateral horn exit here
