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Anatomy & Physiology > Tissue Vocab > Flashcards

Tissue Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

apical

A

exposed to the body’s exterior or to the cavity of an internal organ

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2
Q

basal

A

anchored

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3
Q

basement membrance

A

a thin layer of extracellular material to which epithelial cells are attached in mucosa surfaces

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4
Q

cilia

A

-hairlike organelles extending from the membrane of many eukaryotic cells -often function in locomotion

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5
Q

endocrine

A

-a system of glands that works with the nervous system -controls the activity of internal organs, especially the kidneys, -coordinates the long-range response to external stimuli

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6
Q

epithelium

A

-one of the primary tissues -covers the surface of the body and lines the body cavities, ducts, and vessels

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7
Q

exocrine

A

glands that have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a body surface

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8
Q

gland

A

an organ specialized to secrete or excrete substances for further use in the body or for elimination

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9
Q

goblet cell

A

individual cells that produce mucus

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10
Q

microvilli

A

-the tiny projections on the free surfaces of some epithelial cells -increase surface area for absorption

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11
Q

mucosa

A

innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract

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12
Q

pseudostratified

A

-an epithelium consisting of closely packed cells which appear to be arranged in layers but all of which are in fact attached to the basement membrane

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13
Q

secretion

A

-(1) the passage of material formed by a cell to its exterior; -(2) cell product that is transported to the cell exterior

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14
Q

serosa

A

outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract

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15
Q

stem cell

A

cells in bone marrow that produce lymphocytes by mitotic division

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16
Q

stratified

A

-arranged in layers -an epithelium consisting of more than one layer of cells

17
Q

adipocyte

A

fat cells

18
Q

blood

A

-liquid connective tissue -composed of plasma and cells -responsible for transporting substances such as nutrients and oxygen around the body

19
Q

bone

A

-a rigid organ -protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility

20
Q

cartilage

A

white, semiopaque connective tissue

21
Q

chondrocyte

A

cells found in cartilage connective tissue

22
Q

connective tissue

A

-a primary tissue -functions include support, storage, and protection

23
Q

fibroblast

A

-a cell of connective tissue -secrete elastin and collagen protein fibers

24
Q

fibrosis

A

repair by dense (fibrous) connective tissue, that is, by the formation of scar tissue

25
Q

inflammation

A

-reaction to the invasion of microorganisms through the skin or through the epithelial layers of the respiratory, digestive, or urinary system -characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain

26
Q

lacunae

A

a little depression in bone or cartilage

27
Q

ligament

A

a cord of fibrous tissue that connects bones

28
Q

lymph

A

the watery fluid in the lymph vessels collected from the tissue spaces

29
Q

macrophage

A

cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissues

30
Q

mast cell

A

-cells that synthesize and release histamine (allergic reaction) -found most often in connective tissue surrounding blood vessels

31
Q

muscle tissue

A

-one of four main tissue types -specialized to contract in order to produce a force that will cause movement

32
Q

necrosis

A

-the death of body tissue -occurs when too little blood flows to the tissue

33
Q

neural/nervous tissue

A

-one of four main tissue types -specialized for irritability (respond to stimuli) and conductivity

34
Q

neuron

A

cells of the nervous system specialized to transmit messages throughout the body

35
Q

neuroglia

A

the nonneuronal tissue of the central nervous system that performs supportive and other functions

36
Q

regeneration

A

the replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells

37
Q

osteocyte

A

a mature bone cell

38
Q

serous membrane

A

membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body

39
Q

tendon

A

cord of dense fibrous tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

Anatomy & Physiology (12 decks)

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