Tissue Vocab

Question 1

apical

Answer 1

exposed to the body’s exterior or to the cavity of an internal organ

Question 2

basal

Answer 2

anchored

Question 3

basement membrance

Answer 3

a thin layer of extracellular material to which epithelial cells are attached in mucosa surfaces

Question 4

cilia

Answer 4

-hairlike organelles extending from the membrane of many eukaryotic cells -often function in locomotion

Question 5

endocrine

Answer 5

-a system of glands that works with the nervous system -controls the activity of internal organs, especially the kidneys, -coordinates the long-range response to external stimuli

Question 6

epithelium

Answer 6

-one of the primary tissues -covers the surface of the body and lines the body cavities, ducts, and vessels

Question 7

exocrine

Answer 7

glands that have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a body surface

Question 8

gland

Answer 8

an organ specialized to secrete or excrete substances for further use in the body or for elimination

Question 9

goblet cell

Answer 9

individual cells that produce mucus

Question 10

microvilli

Answer 10

-the tiny projections on the free surfaces of some epithelial cells -increase surface area for absorption

Question 11

mucosa

Answer 11

innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract

Question 12

pseudostratified

Answer 12

-an epithelium consisting of closely packed cells which appear to be arranged in layers but all of which are in fact attached to the basement membrane

Question 13

secretion

Answer 13

-(1) the passage of material formed by a cell to its exterior; -(2) cell product that is transported to the cell exterior

Question 14

serosa

Answer 14

outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract

Question 15

stem cell

Answer 15

cells in bone marrow that produce lymphocytes by mitotic division

Question 16

stratified

Answer 16

-arranged in layers -an epithelium consisting of more than one layer of cells

Question 17

adipocyte

Answer 17

fat cells

Question 18

blood

Answer 18

-liquid connective tissue -composed of plasma and cells -responsible for transporting substances such as nutrients and oxygen around the body

Question 19

bone

Answer 19

-a rigid organ -protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility

Question 20

cartilage

Answer 20

white, semiopaque connective tissue

Question 21

chondrocyte

Answer 21

cells found in cartilage connective tissue

Question 22

connective tissue

Answer 22

-a primary tissue -functions include support, storage, and protection

Question 23

fibroblast

Answer 23

-a cell of connective tissue -secrete elastin and collagen protein fibers

Question 24

fibrosis

Answer 24

repair by dense (fibrous) connective tissue, that is, by the formation of scar tissue

Question 25

inflammation

Answer 25

-reaction to the invasion of microorganisms through the skin or through the epithelial layers of the respiratory, digestive, or urinary system -characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain

Question 26

lacunae

Answer 26

a little depression in bone or cartilage

Question 27

ligament

Answer 27

a cord of fibrous tissue that connects bones

Question 28

lymph

Answer 28

the watery fluid in the lymph vessels collected from the tissue spaces

Question 29

macrophage

Answer 29

cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissues

Question 30

mast cell

Answer 30

-cells that synthesize and release histamine (allergic reaction) -found most often in connective tissue surrounding blood vessels

Question 31

muscle tissue

Answer 31

-one of four main tissue types -specialized to contract in order to produce a force that will cause movement

Question 32

necrosis

Answer 32

-the death of body tissue -occurs when too little blood flows to the tissue

Question 33

neural/nervous tissue

Answer 33

-one of four main tissue types -specialized for irritability (respond to stimuli) and conductivity

Question 34

neuron

Answer 34

cells of the nervous system specialized to transmit messages throughout the body

Question 35

neuroglia

Answer 35

the nonneuronal tissue of the central nervous system that performs supportive and other functions

Question 36

regeneration

Answer 36

the replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells

Question 37

osteocyte

Answer 37

a mature bone cell

Question 38

serous membrane

Answer 38

membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body

Question 39

tendon

Answer 39

cord of dense fibrous tissue attaching a muscle to a bone